My Reading History :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If one were to look at my varied reading habits, they would be struck by the diversity and over all unusualness of my mind’s library. I hardly remember the plot of the first book I read, but it was called Lonesome Dove. It wasn’t the actual first book I read, but I don’t really count the McGregor Readers from kindergarten. I read it in first grade because of my Grandmother’s fascination in the T.V. mini-series that was playing during the time. I wanted to be able to talk to her about it so I went to the public library that weekend and picked up a copy. Well, I actually didn’t pick it up, it was too heavy. It took me over two and a half months to read, but with the help of a dictionary and my grandma, I finally read it from cover to cover. I can’t really say that I understood it, because I don’t recall what it was about. But I do remember that it was quite an ordeal. Since then I have read many books. I enjoy fiction the best, especially those that are based on society, but have a small twist that leads to an interesting story. Some of the stories that I remember best from that early time in my life are Tales from Wayside Elementary School, Hatchet, The Godfather, and The Giver. I think that Hatchet, by Gary Paulsen, is the only book that I’ve read more than once. I liked the situation that Brian was put into, lost in the wilderness, with nothing more to fend for himself with than his mind and a trusty hatchet. The adversity he faces and his undying drive are what fascinated me most. Since that time my reading habits have grown into a different style. I have usually only read what was assigned to me during the school year because that was all I had time to do, but I have always strived to put forth extra effort. For example: last year for English 3 AP we had to read an excerpt from Benjamin Franklin’s Autobiography. Although that we only had to read a small bit, I checked the enti re book from the college library and read it all. Although the way that Franklin rambled on and on about his â€Å"Franklin Planner† was somewhat boring, the way he describe his life was pure poetry.

Aristotle on Gender Essay

The peer discussion held last week had its attention focused on a comparison of Aristotle’s and Plato’s ideas of justice and gender. As previously discussed from our lectures, Plato’s idea of justice was concerned with an internal equality between the members of the classes present within the polis. This focused more on individualism in that one must only be concerned with his/her business and not minding other’s problems. The justice that occurs in their society depends on the class to whom one belongs. However, Aristotle, his student, was more for all-encompassing justice aiming for the ultimate goal of the constitution. Equality, for Aristotle, depends on the constitution in which the society is built upon. For democracy, it promotes equality for those who are equal, but only for those who are equal. Elaborating on this, equality only exists for the majority, who rules in this kind of polis. On the other hand, oligarchy focuses more on the distribution of office, in which there is equality for those who are unequal. (Curtis, 1981) However, this failed to consider the degree of goodness in a citizen. Oligarchs depended more on a wealthy upbringing, giving them superiority over the others who have less riches than them. Democrats was more dependent on free birth, all for equality among every member of the society. Aristotle’s justice was an advocate of excellence over birth. Considering his example of the story of the flutists, Aristotle concluded that justice all ends ups to the contribution of a good citizen to the aim of the society and to the â€Å"end† of state. Aristotle could care less about the social standing of a citizen, instead focusing more on his triumphs instead of what he was born to be. Gender is another topic wherein these two philosophers’ opinions differ. For Plato, equality among women and men existed within the society itself. Women were free to choose what profession they have, provided that they have the proper education to back it up. Aristotle’s idea for gender, however, is a sexist one. He believed that only men were worthy to be citizens, and that was only if he was a holder of office. Women were â€Å"naturally† governed by men, as indicated in his works, specifically identified by the phrase â€Å"mastery of husband over wife†. He gave statements wherein the men were given rights over those of the opposite gender. In spite of their standings as teacher and student, their opinions differ regarding how a society must work in order to achieve peace and harmony within their constitution. However, important points can also be withdrawn from their works, such as the fairer justice referred to in Aristotle’s works, and Plato’s ideas of equality and the manner of governing a society. Not one person is perfect, and we cannot find fault upon one making a mistake that we ourselves may have committed. Group: # 4 – Section: WBYDX.

Different Factors Of Mission Alignment Process Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1056 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Practice what you preach. Walk your talk. Actions speak louder than words. These are all phrases commonly used to describe the expectation that words should match behaviors. Mission is the foundation upon which decision makers can build corporate strategic planning processes (Pearce and Roth, 1988, p. 39). A mission statement defines the purpose of the organization; it acts as the invisible hand that guides people within the organization so that they can work independently and yet collectively to achieve desired levels of organization performance (Kotler et al., 1996). This suggests that the mission is the basis for internal policies and procedures. According to Bart, Bontis and Taggar (2001) a clearly written mission statements are more likely to be aligned with a firms internal policies and systems, and better alignment is more likely to result in an effective guide for employees. (Bartkus and Glassman, 2008) A firms mission statement is an enduring statement of purpose that distinguishes its business from its peer firms, identifies its scope of operations, embodies its business philosophy and reflects the image it seeks to project (Toftoy and Chatterjee, 2004).The mission statement is expected to guide and direct employees and managers (Campbell, 1997; Ireland and Hitt, 1992).Missions typically include clear references to financial performance, environmental responsibility, employee respect, and excellence in customer service, too often it is only financial performance that gets measured and managed while the other equally important parts of the mission get lost in noble words (Desmidt, Prinzie and Decramer,. 2011). In other words, there is a gap between what the mission says and what people in the organization believe is managements real message. This gap is a result of the lack of alignment among the managerial tools of policies, procedures, and practices with the mission. This lack of alignment confuses everyone about what the missi on really is as they try to implement it. (Crotts el at., 2005). The study by Crotts el at (2005) shows the linkage between organizational mission and financial performance founded that the degree to which an organization aligns its internal structure, policies, and procedures with its mission was positively associated with employee behavior which had the most direct relationship with financial performance. Mission statements are intended to motivate (and in so doing, control) the behavior of organizational members towards common organizational goals (Bart el al., 2001) The Mission Alignment Audit Process Defines the outcomes of the mission in measurable terms it Identify key policies, procedures and practices that cue employee behavior (e.g., job descriptions, annual plans) .It also creates an audit of whether or not the mission is included in each key policy, procedure, and practice of an organization and at the end mission alignment process fix and align any item that is ou t of alignment and compares the audit results against the mission outcome measurement to a firm value of alignment (Crotts el at. 2005). The mission and organizational alignment includes the functional effectiveness of human resource functions, the involvement and alignment of human resource with the firms business strategy the role of the human resource functions in organizations as a business partner, and the leadership style of top management including the success in communication the firm mission(Huselid and Becker, 1997) .Huselid and Baker believes that each of mission alignment step is an integral part of an organizational context that supports and reinforces the returns from a high performance human resource system. Bart and Baetz (1998) were the first researchers to introduce the concept of mission and organizational alignment as potentially important factors to a mission influence over employee behavior. The authors observed that the degree to which an organization al igned its structure, system and procedure with its mission represented one of the most powerful, positive and most pervasive relationships with performance in general, but especially with employee behavior. Al-Anzi (2009) presented the key factors that affect employees productivity and performance fall into two categories. First those factors that are driven by procedures, protocols and management requirements and secondly those factors that arise from premises, office or factory design. Employees have always been a dominant component of mission statements, demonstrating the organizations attitude and commitment to employees development (Strong, 1997). When organizational recruitment, rewards and information systems are aligned with the specific components in a mission statement they serve to reinforce for employees the message in the mission. This is because a high degree of organizational mission alignment tightens the focuses and priorities and makes clear the direction in which an organization is headed (Bart and Baetz, 1998).Strong (1997) stated that 35% of all organizations incorporate this stakeholder group in their mission, thus acknowledging employees as instrumental to the achievement of organization strategic goals. Alavi and Karami (2009) states that there are two principal benefits of having a mission alignment ,first is the better staff motivation towards achieving a common organizational purpose, or sense of mission and second is a more focused/improved allocation of organizational resources. Hall (2002) presents that employee performance is based on the critical knowledge and learning within an organization. To be measured core competencies and skills needed to deliver products and services at high level of quality must be identified by the organizational mission and policies. Employee performance is also recognizes that the real value added to an organization is the employees ability to use knowledge to solve problems related to deliv ery of services and products to the customer. Aligning the organizational mission will help the management to improve their performance as by revisiting the policies related to employees. This will help them in better way to overcome their weaknesses and perform according to the organizational needs and requirements (Hall, 2002). Bart and Bontis (2003) suggest that employees and their boards appear to be relatively aware of their organizations mission. Only a small percentage of employees indicated that there was somewhat aware of the mission and very few stated that there was no awareness at all. Nevertheless, for the most part, there were still a large number of employees who were not highly or fully aware of their Organizations mission. Employees know, understand and remember the mission this is an important and significant contributor to having individuals throughout the organization commit to it. The more aware the employees are of their organizations mission, the greater th eir organizational members commitment to it will be. Moreover, employees awareness of the mission is equivalent in in terms of both managements awareness of the mission and managements involvement with the missions development. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Different Factors Of Mission Alignment Process Business Essay" essay for you Create order

The Twelve Signs of the Japanese Zodiac (Juunishi)

The Japanese zodiac (Juunishi) is divided into 12 blocks with each block containing a group of years. The years in each block are 12 years apart from the previous or following year (in that block only). Each block is given a name of an animal based on the ancient Chinese concept that all time shifts are based on these twelve units. In Japan, the adoption of the twelve-year cycle, with a different animal representing each block, is fairly common. Those individuals born during a particular year were said to inherit some of the personalities of that years animal. Have a look below to see what year and animal you are. Rat (nezumi) Born 2008, 1996, 1984, 1972, 1960, 1948, 1936, 1924, 1912. People born in the year of the Rat are charming, honest, ambitious, and have a tremendous capacity for pursuing a course to its end. They will work hard for their goals. They are easily angered but maintain an outward show of control. Ox (ushi) Born 2009, 1997, 1985, 1973, 1961, 1949, 1937, 1925, 1913. People born in the year of the Ox are patient, mentally alert and when required to speak are skillful. They have a gift for inspiring confidence in others. This allows them to achieve a great deal of success. Tiger (tora) Born 1998, 1986, 1974, 1962, 1950, 1938, 1926, 1914. People born in the year of the Tiger are sensitive, stubborn, short-tempered, courageous, selfish and slightly mean ... yet they are deep thinkers and are capable of great sympathy for those they are close to and love. Rabbit (usagi) Born 1999, 1987, 1975, 1963, 1951, 1939, 1927, 1915. People born in the year of the Rabbit are the most fortunate. They are smooth talkers, talented, ambitious, virtuous and reserved. They have exceedingly fine taste and are regarded with admiration and trust. Dragon (tatsu) Born 2000, 1988, 1976, 1964, 1952, 1940, 1928, 1916. People born in the year of the Dragon are healthy, energetic, excitable, short-tempered and stubborn. However, they are honest, sensitive, brave and can inspire trust in most anyone. They are the most peculiar of the 12 signs of the Zodiac cycle. Snake (hebi) Born 2001, 1989, 1977, 1965, 1953, 1941, 1929, 1917. People born in the year of the Snake are deep thinkers, speak very little and possess tremendous wisdom. They are fortunate in money matters and will always be able to obtain it. They are determined in what they do and hate to fail. Horse (uma) Born 2002, 1990, 1978, 1966, 1954, 1942, 1930, 1918, 1906. People born in the year of the Horse are skillful in paying compliments and talk too much. They are skillful with money and handle finances well. They are quick thinkers, wise and talented. Horse people anger easily and are very impatient. Sheep (hitsuji) Born 2003, 1991, 1979, 1967, 1955, 1943, 1931, 1919, 1907. People born in the year of the Sheep are elegant, highly accomplished in the arts, passionate about nature. At first glance, they seem to be better off than the people born in other years. They are deeply religious and passionate in whatever they do and believe in. Monkey (saru) Born 2004, 1992, 1980, 1968, 1956, 1944, 1932, 1920, 1908. People born in the year of the Monkey are the erratic geniuses of the Zodiac cycle. They are clever and skillful in grand-scale operations and are smart when making financial deals. They are inventive, original and are able to solve the most difficult problems with ease. Rooster (tori) Born 2005, 1981, 1969, 1957, 1945, 1933, 1921, 1909. People born in the year of the Rooster are deep thinkers and are always busy and devoted to their work. They always want to do more than they are able, and if they undertake a task beyond their abilities, they are disappointed. Rooster people have a habit of speaking out directly whenever they have something on their minds. Dog (inu) Born 2006, 1982, 1970, 1958, 1946, 1934, 1922, 1910. People born in the year of the Dog have all the fine qualities of human nature. They have a sense of duty and loyalty, they are extremely honest and always do their best in their relationship with other people. Dog people inspire confidence in others and know how to keep secrets. Boar (inoshishi) Born 2007, 1983, 1971, 1959, 1947, 1935, 1923, 1911. People born in the year of the Boar are brave. They have tremendous inner strength which no one can overcome. They display great honesty. They are short-tempered, yet hate to quarrel or have arguments. They are affectionate and kind to their loved ones.

Exegetical Study on Corinthians - 2551 Words

Exegetical study on: 1 Corinthians 14:1-6 Principles of Biblical Interpretation Dr. Dale Hutchcraft 10/23/09 Alex Sullins The passage that I chose to exegete is 1 Corinthians 14:1-6, the main idea of this passage is for the apostle Paul to confront the Corinthian church in Corinth about their misuse of the spiritual gifts, namely the use of tongues. The following is a full outline of the passage with the main point of each verse, it goes as follows: 1 Pursue love, yet desire earnestly spiritual gifts, but especially that you may prophesy. Paul starts out this verse strongly with the word â€Å"pursue† and â€Å"earnestly† showing the importance he is putting on pursuing the spiritual gifts. He stresses the importance though of the gift†¦show more content†¦The NT understands prophecy to be a divine and inspired message from God. This word has several meanings: a) To proclaim the revelation, the message of God, imparted to the prophet. b) Prophecy can have a special sense to foretell or proclaim future events. c) Prophecy can also mean to bring to light by prophetic speech something concealed. d) In Paul the word denotes teaching, admonishing, and comforting (1 Cor. 14:3) e) In Acts 19:6 it shows that prophecy is used to inspire and ecstatic magnifying God (Acts 10:46) (Kittel). Only Paul speaks of the gift of prophecy, in some instances as in 1 Th. 5:20 it is not clear whether the reference is to â€Å"the prophetic gift or the prophetic saying† (Friedrich). Verse 2 Verse 2 explains that the misuse of tongues was one of Corinthians â€Å"major problems in their exercises of their spiritual gifts during worship (Blomberg). â€Å"When speaking in tongues they felt enlarged and elevated, their whole being was for a time expanded by this emotion† (Exell). These gifts are all used by the spirit, in understanding these gifts it is essential to understand what the â€Å"spirit† is. In Jewish thought the spirit denotes the power that humans experience that relates them to the spiritual realm, the realm that lies beyond human control (TDNT). The human spirit is the aspect of a person that God most immediately encounters him or her (Rom. 8:16) the spirit is also referred to as theShow MoreRelatedGod s Righteous Judgment : Romans1736 Words   |  7 Pagespassage, Romans 2: 1-11. It is imperative to understand the correct identification of this passage, the analysis of literary style and characteristics of both the book of Romans a nd the passage, the cultural and historical background, the appropriate exegetical approach, the identification and explanation of any unique and significant phrases, and the modern relevance of the passage. This is the key to understanding the book of Romans and the passage appropriately. CORRECT IDENTIFICATION OF THE PASSAGERead MoreI Am Clearly Standing For Me1624 Words   |  7 PagesBut the thing which I am clearly standing for me was that this book examines 2 Corinthians 6:14-7:1 and his argue of its theological message and its communal holiness. Furthermore, how the author’s argument fits into the context in whole as we found in 2 Corinthians. But the most important contributions the author makes us to an understanding of these passages from different angle of vision which he brings from his study. I think the author makes clear early on these arguments that there are neglectRead MorePaul and the Church of Corinth Essay example971 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals who came to Corinth to make a big name for themselves and become successful. A good thing to know is during 49 C.E. alot of Jews that were expelled from Rome migrated to Corinth for a new start. 1 Corinthians 3:5 The whole chapter was written to reprimand the Corinthian church for their immaturity and the pride they had in their own wisdom. Paul highlighted the fact that the Gospel was not reliant in any way to their vain wisdom and it played a part of some of the issues and disputesRead MorePauls View On The Church1480 Words   |  6 Pagesout what Paul believes and describes of what the church is, and what the church does. What is the Church? There are key references in the Bible that Paul talks about regard the church: Ephesians 1:22-23; 2:11-22; 3:3-9, Colossians 1:24-27; 1 Corinthians 12:12-13; Galatians 3:26-28, Romans 16:25-27. Church is also commonly known as the Temple of God. 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Div (Biblical Studies) Asian Theological Seminary – 2nd semester AY 2015-2016 Exegetical Summaries and Reflections (a) ÃŽ  ÃŽ ¡ÃŽÅ¸ÃŽ £ ΚΟÎ ¡ÃŽâ„¢ÃŽ ÃŽËœÃŽâ„¢ÃŽÅ¸ÃŽ ¥ÃŽ £ Β΄ - 2 Corinthians 2:14-3:6 Literary Context 1. The majority of Biblical scholars treat this unit as the opening of second section of the letter body. In previous section, Paul still assured the Corinthians about his concern on them even though there were some issues,Read MoreProposal Paper1308 Words   |  6 PagesGiving that Lasts: Developing an Endowment for the Church’s Future The study of Theology must come to bear on every facet of human existence. Despite thoughts to the contrary this also includes the financial life of the believer and by extension the church. This journey of thought will seek to create an 8-12 month stewardship approach tailored to meet the need of a 145 year old congregation located in the Flatbush section of Brooklyn New York. The primary goal will be geared toward educating theRead MoreEssay about How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth2583 Words   |  11 Pagesprofessor of New Testament studies at Regent College. He has authored several New Testament commentaries and is the general editor of the New International Commentary series. Fee has also contributed significantly to the field of hermeneutics and NT textual criticism. The author is a well known teacher and conference speaker who has a burden to see the renewal of the church. Stuart is a seminary professor at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary where he teaches Old Testament studies. He also has expertiseRead MoreThe Fulfillment of the Day of the Lord Essay5829 Words   |  24 Pagesproponent of this realized eschatology movement, which is also referred to as the ‘preterist approach.’ â€Å"Jesus’ message was not a future coming and a future kingdom; rather, with the advent of Jesus, the kingdom of God had already arrived.† The study and preponderance of Eschatological thought has seen a marked increase in the late nineteenth century and throughout the twentieth century. â€Å"Whether [the concept of the Day of the Lord] was originally eschatological in character is still being debated

Counseling and Psychotherapy Research

Question- 1. Abstract of the paper and whether that informs about hypothesis, variables and findings 2. Introduction: Does the paper have a good literature review to the topic in question and is that been backed up on the reference list? 3. Method: How did researchers process the information they acquired as to preparing for the topic? 4. Results: Is there a decent representation of findings supporting the hypothesis coming out of the analysis of data? 5. Discussion: Main findings and discussion over them, including strengths, limitations and suggestions for future and/or replication of present research? 6. Conclusion: Are there main points revisited? 7. References: Does the reference list include all references used in this research Answer- Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Background of the study 1.2 Research Objectives 1.3 Rationale of the proposal Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Literature Introduction 2.2 Approaches to counseling and psychotherapy 2.3 Importance of counseling and psychotherapy 2.4 Psychotherapy in UK 2.5 Ethics of counseling and psychotherapy 2.6 Literature Conclusion Chapter 3: Research Methodology 3.1 Methodology Introduction 3.2 Research approach and research design 3.3 Data collection methods and analysis 3.4 Research Timeline 3.5 Research ethics 3.6 Limitations of the methodology Reference List Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Background of the study Psychotherapy is a method of treatment of the mental illness of a patient that includes the interactive process by a mental health professional. The interactions with the patients are done to understand their feelings, emotions, thoughts and behavior in order to solve their problem and help them to lead a normal life (Ivey et al. 2012). In addition to this, counseling and psychotherapy are done in order to understand the illness understanding of the patient and also to build up a healthy relationship with the patients in order to meet the goals of the therapy (Claringbull, 2013). This research proposal will be dealing with 3 chapters namely Introduction which includes the background of the study, research objectives and rationale. The 2nd chapter deals with Literature Review that includes the different approaches to psychotherapy, importance of counseling and psychotherapy, psychotherapy in UK and ethics while conducting this therapy. The 3rd chapter deals with the research methodology that includes the research approach, research design, data collection methods, research ethics, data analysis procedures and limitations of the methodology. 1.2 Research Objectives The research objectives for this research proposal are hereby mentioned below- To understand the importance of counselling and psychotherapy To understand the awareness of the people and Government regarding the mental illness To see the role of psychotherapists and Government in curing the mental health patients 1.3 Rationale of the proposal It is seen that now days the mental illness among the people are rising in an alarming rate. There are several causes to this mental illness and the Government and other psychotherapists are working hard to counsel these patients appropriately so that they can lead a normal life like other people. Moreover, this proposal also aims in seeing the awareness and roles of Government in curing the mental health patients. Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Literature Introduction According to Larsson (2010) for an effective psychotherapy, a meaningful and a two way communication is essential between the psychotherapists and patients. This helps in establishing a meaningful and reliable relationship between the patients and the professionals. In addition to this, Linton (2012) had a view that it also helps in understanding the situation of the patients, implementation treatments to the patients and thereby evaluating the affects of treatments on the patient. This chapter of the research proposal will be dealing with the different approaches to counseling and psychotherapy and the importance of it. In addition to this, psychotherapy in UK is discussed along with the ethics regarding this is also discussed. 2.2 Approaches to counseling and psychotherapy The counselors and psychotherapist have a wide range of approaches for curing their patients that differ from patient to patient. The approaches are thereby discussed below- Adlerian Therapy- According to Mohatt (2010) this approach also known as individual psychology and is focused on creating a therapeutic relationship between the counselors and patients. This approach is quiet a cooperative, practical and encouraging approach that help clients in looking at their personal values and lifestyle. Westergaard (2013) commented on the fact that the psychologists following this therapy look into the world from the perspective of the client. One of the most powerful weapons to treat the patient through this approach is by encouragement, self confidence and power to act in a different way. Behavioral Therapy- According to Ridley and Mollen (2012) this therapy is an action based therapy that can also be termed as cognitive behavioral therapy or behavioral modification. This therapy focuses on behaviors that are caused due to specific feelings and thoughts and aims in eradicating the unwanted and maladaptive behavior. The patients facing this behavioral disorder suffers from anxiety, addictions and phobias. Stulmaker (2013) had a view that this therapy helps the individuals in learning new and positive behaviors that will help out the individuals suffering from behavioral disorder in the most effective way. Dialectical Behavioral Therapy- Reeves (2013) commented on the fact that this therapy was developed from cognitive behavioral therapy that aims in applying techniques to the mental patients who are detected with borderline personality disorder. These patients think of attempting suicide and harming oneself. According to Lenz et al. (2012) this therapy aims in making the patients mindful, increases their tolerance and also helps in increasing their interpersonal effectiveness. In addition to this, the patients are taught to adopt positive activities that give enjoyment, comparing people those are less fortunate and consider themselves in a better situation, grow up mentality to help others and push away the negative situation. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) According to Westra et al. (2007) this psychotherapy aims in resolving the symptoms that arises from disturbing and unresolved experiences in life. This therapy consists of eight phases with precise intentions for making the patients cure to make lead a normal life. The therapists try to solve the problems of the patients by using acceptance therapies. Young (2013) also commented on the view that the therapists initially explore the behavior of the mental patients and develop a common plan for the treatment that includes the primary complaint of the client. Then step by step the therapists uses tactics that help the clients in developing methods for coping up with distressing emotions followed by assessment of the patients. Jacobs (2010) also had a view that the therapists initiates stimulus to the patients that helps in understanding the associative information that gets into mind of the patients during the stimulus. This procedu re is continued until the patient gets totally distressed (Steckl, 2013). Humanistic Therapy- According to Jungers and Gregoire (2013) this approach takes up a holistic approach where the therapists pay attention to the creative phenomenon such as creativity and free will. The therapists help the clients in developing self actualization among the patients. This helps the patients in understanding the feelings that help in gaining a meaning to their life. Hanley et al. (2012) had commented on the fact that there are two techniques of this therapy- gestalt therapy that depends on current feelings and thoughts and client centered therapy that gives a supportive environment to the patients where they can reinstate their original identity. 2.3 Importance of counseling and psychotherapy According to Houser and Thoma (2013) it is generally seen that the psycho patients generally faces many kinds of hurdles and obstacles in their life that leads them to become negative in their mental approach and loses their self esteem. There are several categories and kinds of psycho patients having different symptoms that are need to be cured by the therapists. Since all the cases are different, the approaches of the therapists have to be different and the most effective way of dealing these people is through effective counseling. In addition to this Nicholson et al. (2010) had a view that these people want to express their thoughts and beliefs which they cannot express due to their fear, loss of encouragement and self confidence. In order to cure these people, a through counseling of these patients needs to be done in order to restore their lost individuality and personality. Joseph (2010) commented on the fact that counseling helps in building up a strong, healthy and reliable relationship between the psychotherapists and psycho patients. This makes the treatment easier since the patients tend to say out everything about their thoughts, emotions, likings, disliking and problems they are facing with an assurance that the psychotherapists will be helping them in solving their problem. In addition to this, Zuroff et al. (2007) commented on the fact that, an effective counseling helps in increasing the enthusiasm of the patients and also increases their expectations to be helped by the psychotherapists. Through an efficient counseling and psychotherapy, the inner fears of the patients are reduced to a considerable level and help the patients in regaining their self esteem and self actualization. Moreover, according to Barros-Bailey and Saunders (2010) an efficient counseling helps in regulating the excess emotional erection of the patients and also encourage s them for adopting new creativity and engagements that helps the minds of the patients to get diverted from negativity of their life. Moreover, Makinson and Young (2012) had a view that a good counseling makes the therapists emphatic toward the patients that helps in getting to know them more closely that helps in adoption of efficient techniques for their cure. It also helps in identifying the capabilities of the patients and the psychotherapists encourages and motivates them to get more involved in the things the patients love to do rather than staying laid back and thinking negative of their life. 2.4 Psychotherapy in UK According to Lucas (2012) psychotherapy in UK is regulated voluntarily and the national registers for counselors and psychotherapists are thereby maintained by 3 bodies namely- Unite Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP), British Psychoanalytic Council (BPC) and British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). The UKCP came into force in the year 1993 that aims in promoting and maintaining the profession of psychotherapy and thereby providing high standards of psychotherapy to the people of UK for their benefit. UKCP is controlled by a board of trustees and constitutional documents that evaluates the performance of the organization in fulfilling the objectives of the charity. Hayes, S., Pistorello and Levin (2012) commented on the fact that UKCP is committed in fulfilling the objectives for which the organization has been set up, does a good market research to keep itself updated with the current news and researches and discusses about various methods of improving the treatment of the patients. Houser and Thoma (2013) commented on the fact that BPC is quite active in working across the public and they are focused in meeting their objective of providing good mental care to the patients across UK. They have their code of ethics that are regulated by BPCs own regulatory body. According to Mohatt (2010) this organization trains the psychotherapists and exists in order to protect the interests of the public and treat them in the most innovative and effective way. This council also focuses on maintaining a relationship between the therapists and the patients and also maintains the individual confidentiality of the patients. According to (Claringbull, 2013) the BACP that came into existence in 1970 is a huge organization that has many counselors registered with it around UK. The organization is constituted by a number of membership categories depending on the level old experience, involvement and training. The man aims of the organization are to provide the psychotherapists enough training and education through which the counselors provide a high standard of treatment to the patients. In addition to this, Joseph (2010) commented on the fact that BACP is also responsible for creating awareness among the people about the psychological people and also educates them to treat these people with care. 2.5 Ethics of counseling and psychotherapy According to Fijałkowska (2012) the psychotherapists and councilors maintain the codes of ethics in order to safeguard the interests and individuality of the psycho patients. The code of ethics that are followed are discussed below- Maintaining confidentiality and protecting the patients safety- Delany (2012) had a view that the confidentiality of the patients cases needs to be maintained in order to safeguard their self interest and self dignity. The therapists have to be trustworthy so that the patients can openly discuss their problems with him to get a successful way out of the problem they are facing. In addition to this Lenz et al. (2012) commented on the fact that the therapists needs to be ethical and responsible to protect the safety of the patients. The patients will have the reliability to trust the therapists if they feel that their dignity and information is safeguard with them. Enhancing the quality relationship with the patients- According to the codes of ethics (Ivey et al. 2012) had a view that the therapists need to maintain a good relationship with the patients. This is because, on the basis of the good relationship, the patients will find the confidence and eagerness to share their emotions, thoughts and feelings with the therapists. According to Lenz et al. (2012) from the side of the therapists, they also need to be empathetic towards the patients to gain their trust and belief for providing them a good treatment so that the psycho patients can lead a normal life like others. Respecting human rights and dignity- Stulmaker (2013) commented on the fact that it is the responsibility of the psychotherapists in maintaining the human rights and dignity to all the patients and treating each one of them equally. This encourages the patients in opening up themselves to the therapists so that they are cured more accurately and methodically. In addition to this, Mohatt (2010) had a view that through counseling the human rights of the patients need to be maintained and all the patients need to given equal dignity and rights. Mocking or making gun of the patents gives an adverse effect on the mentality of the patients and the patients tend to lose their dignity and self confidence. Taking up fair methods of counseling as well as psychotherapy services- According to Joseph (2010) the therapists need to take up fair methods of counseling of the patients. This is because, the more fairly the decisions will be taken, the more appropriate will be the decisions for the patients. The patients will be more dependent on the therapists and will tend to interact with them freely regarding their problems that they are facing with. 2.6 Literature Conclusion This chapter deals with an elaborate discussion on the approaches regarding the counseling and psychotherapy, the importances of it along with effectiveness of UKCP, BPC and BACP in providing efficient counseling and psychotherapy. In addition to this, the ethics and codes of conduct that is essential to maintain while counseling the psycho patients are also discussed. Chapter 3: Research Methodology 3.1 Methodology Introduction Research methodology is a methodical approach that helps the researcher in understanding the relevance of data that are collected for successfully carrying out the research (Hill, 2011). This chapter will be dealing with the research approach along with research design and data collection methods with its analysis. In addition to this, the ethics regarding the data collection and limitations are also discussed. 3.2 Research approach (Deductive Approach) In order to conduct this research, the researcher has taken deductive research approach as this approach progresses from an elaborate analysis towards specific analysis (Jones, 2013). The theory adopted has been assumed to be true and an in depth analysis of the topic is done for accepting or rejecting the hypothesis. The researcher has planned to choose exploratory research design that helps in answering the questions asked in the context individually. 3.4 Research design (Descriptive Approach) Out of the three research designs, the researcher has adopted deductive research approach. This is because; the researcher describes the different theories of counselling and psychotherapy that helped the researcher in understanding the research proposal to the maximum extent (Joseph, 2010). 3.3 Data collection methods- Quantitative and Qualitative approach The data is collected is through primary and secondary sources. The primary sources includes both quantitative and qualitative questionnaire. The therapists and nurses are asked the quantitative questions regarding the counselling and the head of the psychotherapy departments of some hospitals are asked qualitative questions. The secondary sources of collecting data are the magazines, articles and journals related to this topic. Qualitative Research Methods Qualitative Data is effective in recoding the data in the narrative form in order to describe the research topic in more impressive way. Moreover, the researcher can be able to gain information from the respondent in free way (Hill, 2011). On the other hand, the respondent may not be bounded and he/she can deliver the information in most appropriate manner and can provide the reason behind any adopted strategy to tackle the mental illness and future plan which may not be possible only through circulating questionnaire with close ended questions (Young, 2013). Therefore, the researcher can adopt different methods for acquiring the qualitative data. Methods of Qualitative Data Individual Interviews: The interview can be conducted with the respective personnel or authoritative person. Therefore, in order to conduct interview, the head of psychotherapy departments will be taken into consideration and their permission will be sought so that they can effectively involve themselves in the survey (Cameron, 2009). Five different heads of the department will be contacted so that operation of each department can be known and their steps towards the mental illness can be known. Apart from that, an effective comparison can be made from the responses of head that which department is successfully and impressively meeting the challenges of mental illness. On the other hand, the interview will be feasible as the researcher can communicate with the respondent face to face and can receive real information which may be not possible in gaining information from other methods (Gomm, Hammersley and Foster, 2000). Focus Groups: Apart from the individual interview, focus group interview can be effective too, to obtain data from a small set of people. The researcher can gather required information in one session only. Therefore, the researcher may not have to visit individually to each selected respondent to receive information (Bartlett, 2012). Thus, the researcher can request to the head of the different departments to visit to a particular place so that they can be interviewed at one time. Apart from that, it can be hard for the researcher to record the viewpoints that will be delivered by the respondents (Pierce, 2012). Therefore, in that case, the researcher can use the video or audio recorder so that forwarded points can be recorded that can be further used in the research for analyzing the effectiveness of the data. Observations: The behaviour of the participants or respondents can be studied which can be helpful in collecting valuable information. The reaction of the respondent will be acknowledged for each question to know whether the respondent is delivery the answer in confident way or in hesitant way (Hardy, 2012). On the other hand, the role of head of psychotherapy departments will be observed in enforcing their activities to treat mental illness and also their approach. This can let the researcher know the act of the respective heads in number of hospitals which will be useful in gathering information for further analysis. Apart from that, the researcher has to seek the permission from the respective authority or hospitals to conduct the survey or observational study (Mills, 2012). Thus, it can be understood that different qualitative methods can be useful for the researcher to collect information. In order to conduct the qualitative research, heads of psychotherapy departments of five hospitals in UK will be taken in account as they can provide information relating to the strategies implemented by them to overcome the issue of mental illness. Qualitative Questionnaires 1) How far the Government and the regulatory bodies are effective in counselling the psycho patients? Hypothesis 0: Government and regulatory bodies are effective in providing counselling to psycho patients Hypothesis 1: Government and regulatory bodies are not effective in providing counselling to psycho patients Justification: From the set hypothesis, the researcher can be able to know the viewpoints of the participants or say head of the psychotherapy department of five hospitals. Therefore, it can be clear that whether the government or different regulatory bodies provide counselling to psycho patients and if provide than at what level. 2) How far the organizations are efficient enough to maintain the codes of conduct? Hypothesis 0: Organisations are efficient enough in maintaining the code of conduct Hypothesis 1: Organisations are not efficient enough in maintaining the code of conduct Justification: The proposed hypothesis will let researcher know whether the organisations are following the code of ethics or not in treating the patients. Moreover, it will provide details about the whether the patients are provided higher interest or not and carrying their responsibility in highest level or not. 3) Do the strategy adopted by the hospitals is helpful for the mental ill people? Hypothesis 0: The strategy of hospital is beneficial for psycho people Hypothesis 1: The strategy of hospital is not beneficial for the psycho people Justification: It will help in knowing the different strategy adopted by the hospitals to support mental ill people and comparison can be made of the strategy of different hospitals. Moreover, the researcher can be able to understand what benefits has been received by the patients and what is the level of their improvement. 4) Do the psychotherapists take up their job seriously in curing mental illness? Hypothesis 0: Psychotherapist is entirely involved in curing mental illness Hypothesis 1: Psychotherapist is not entirely involved in curing mental illness Justification: Through the above hypothesis, the role of psychotherapist will be understood and what is the level of their involvement with the mental health patients. Moreover, the number of psychotherapists in one hospital can be known and whether they provide effective treatment or not. 5) Does the hospital have right equipment to provide required benefit to the mental health patients? Hypothesis 0: Hospital holds equipments that provide large benefit to the mental ill patients Hypothesis 1: Hospital holds equipments that do not cater impressive benefit to mental ill patients Justification: The above drawn hypothesis will make the researcher know the whether the hospital comprises advanced and latest medical equipment to treat the mental ill patient or not. Quantitative Research Methods Quantitative Data is effective in studying the natural phenomena which emphasizes on the mathematical, statistical and numerical analysis of the information has been acquired by the researcher. Moreover, a relationship can be developed among the independent variable and the dependent variable within a respective population. According to Blaylock and Kopf (2012), quantitative research design can be both experimental and descriptive. The descriptive design can be measured only once whereas the experimental design can be measured after and before the treatment. Further, the researcher can obtain data via structured research instruments and the results can be relied on wide sample sizes which may not be possible under qualitative method. Therefore, the researcher clearly defines the research questions for that objective response is sought. Methods of Collecting Quantitative Data Questionnaires: As per Gallagher (012), questionnaires are usually considered as easy and logical alternative to acquire the desired information. Therefore, the researcher can concentrate upon designing the questionnaire so that valuable information can be sought from the nurses and therapist of the hospitals in UK. The researcher can develop close ended question for the selected respondents. The respondent can provide effective knowledge relating to counselling and therapy that are provided to the mental ill patients. Thus, the researcher can obtain wide numbers of responses and can be analysed statistically (Walsh, 2012). Apart from that, the researcher may face problem in gaining required response rate. Thus, the researcher has to persuade the respondents in deliberate manner to complete the survey and in ethical manner. The researcher can jot down number of question which can be relevant to the proposed topic so that accurate answer can be received and purpose of the research stu dy can be fulfilled (Martin and Bridgmon, 2012). On the other hand, the researcher has to seek permission from the head of the hospitals to carry the research survey. Experimental Research: Creswell (2012) discussed that experimental research normally guided by hypothesis. The experimental research can help the researcher in formulating hypothesis which can provide detail to researcher whether the design hypothesis proves or disapproves the statement. Moreover, the researcher can be able to explain most of the phenomena through experiment research and can receive better understanding of the research study. Thus, the researcher can analyse the data in the form of numerical. Apart from that, the other sources for acquiring quantitative data can be: Existing Institutional Data: The already published data can be effective for the researcher to have deep insight knowledge about counselling and psychotherapy which are practiced in number of hospitals. Therefore, it can be considered as secondary research and researcher can use the data that can be relevant to the proposed topic (Martin and Bridgmon, 2012). Moreover, the previous data can be easily deducted that may relate with the study and comparison can be made to know the success level of counselling and therapy in the hospitals. Thus, after considering all the different methods of acquiring quantitative data, the researcher can decide upon conducting online questionnaire survey as it will the researcher to study large numbers of sample size with ease that can be effective in analysing the responses in most feasible manner. Population and Sample Population is expressed as a cluster of people that may be indirectly or directly involved in the process of research. Therefore, for conducting the quantitative research, nurses and psychotherapist will be included in the survey in order to receive information on the counselling and psychotherapy and their importance. On the other hand, the researcher may not be able to consider all the population, therefore, smaller portion of the population has taken as sample. Sampling Technique The researcher can select sample on random basis to know the effectiveness of counselling and psychotherapy and it can correlate with the research topic criteria. Therefore, simple random probability sampling has been considered for the quantitative research (Hardy, 2012). On the other hand, the researcher has used online questionnaire to get responses or feedback from the selected participants. Sample Size In order to study the quantitative research techniques, total 60 nurses and psychotherapist has been selected. The researcher has concentrated on the 60 sample as it will help the researcher to have average understanding about counselling and psychotherapy and it can make clear what kind of approach has been followed in rest of UKs hospital. Quantitative Research Questions 1) For how long you have been associated with this hospital? Options Response 6 months 1 year 2 year More than two year 2) How far you satisfied with the counselling practice adopted in hospital? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 2) How far do you think the people are aware of psychotherapy and counselling of psycho patients? Options Response Very Likely Likely Average Less Very Less 3) How much success have you received through effective counselling and psychotherapy? Options Response 0- 25% 26% - 50% 51% - 75% 76% - 100% 4) How far you agree that psychotherapist is effectively carrying their job? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 5) Are you satisfied with the different therapy provided by the psychotherapist? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 6) Are you satisfied with the support provided by the Government? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 7) How far you agree that standardisation is maintained in treating mental health patients? Options Response Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree 8) How far you agree that therapy and counselling is effective in improving the health of patients? Options Response Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree 9) Are you satisfied with the working environment of the hospital? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 10) Do you agree the practice of psychotherapist should be changed? Options Response Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree The above drawn questionnaires can be useful for the researcher to collect valuable data which can be further analysed to deliver effective result and thus, effectiveness of psychotherapy and counselling of mental health patients can be known. 3.4 Research Timeline Refer to Appendix, Table 1. 3.5 Research ethics While conducting this research, the researcher has maintained the code of ethics by preparing the questions in such a manner that it will not hurt the sentiments of the people. In addition to this, the respondents were not forced to answer the questions. 3.6 Limitations of the methodology The time limitation is one of the major limitations to this research along with shortage of finances. 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Pauls Letter To The Galatians Essays (1316 words) - Christianity

Paul's Letter To The Galatians The Unkindest Cut of All: The Role of Circumcision in the Christian Church The expansion of the Christian church in Galatia was an extraordinary feat that few men could have completed successfully. The daunting task of spreading the church and then keeping it running was left to one of the most pious men of that era, Paul. His letters illustrate the difficulty of dealing with the newcomers to the Christian religion. From answering technical questions about the second coming of Christ to attempting to resolve the problems the new Christians were having with pagan ministries, Paul certainly had his hands full in Galatia. One of the main problems Paul had in Galatia was the appearance of Jewish Christians, who told the Gentile Christians that they were required to be circumcised. To Paul, this was a threat to the way of life he had prescribed to the Gentile Christians. So it came to be that the center of all the controversy in Galatia revolved around an ancient ritual. Pauls path to God, and the fate of Gentile Christianity, teetered in the balance of the unki ndest cut of all. The first subject Paul wished to address in his Letter to the Galatians was his legitimacy as a missionary in the name of God. He reviews his past as a Jew and recounts his days of persecuting the Christian church. Paul believes that if the Galatians remember who he once was, they will decide that if one of the false teachers own defected to Christianity, then perhaps they were correct in following Paul, the converted Jew. Paul continues his lecture on how he is a legitimate carrier of the message of the Lord by stating that he recognized, the favor bestowed (Gal. 2:8) upon him by the Lord. Paul is clearly restating his role in the evolution of the Christian church to underscore his righteousness in the eyes of the Lord. This is more than ample proof for the Galatians that Paul is the carrier of the true message. Paul wrote his scathing Letter to the Galatians to reinforce the teachings he had presented there during his second missionary journey. He intended to illustrate to the Galatians that there was a strong dividing line in the Christian faith between the law and the Spirit contained in them through Jesus Christ. As it turns out, Jewish Christians had visited Galatia in the absence of Paul and preached to the Gentile Christians about their Christian duty to receive and follow Jewish law, which included circumcision. Paul saw this as undermining his central Christian theme of focusing on the Spirit rather than the laws of man. By submitting to these false teachers, whom Paul believes has cast a spell over them (the Galatians), (Gal. 3:1) they would be returning to the days when they were, slaves to gods who are not really divine. (Gal. 4:8) Paul sought to restore the Galatians faith in his teachings by showing them that they were incorrect in believing that they could finish in the flesh what they began in the Spirit. Paul begins by asking a simple question, how did you receive the Spirit? (Gal. 3:2) Paul asks again, Did you receive it through the law or through faith in what you heard? Of course, the Galatians received the blessing of Christ through the Spirit and therefore have no duty to follow the laws that the Jewish Christians had prescribed. Paul goes on the remark that, All who depend on observance of the laware under a curse. (Gal. 3:10) Paul again emphasizes this when he states, no one is justified in Gods sight by the law. (Gal. 3:11) What Paul is stating here is that the path that the law provides is not the way to eternal life. Heaven cannot be attained through strict observance of the law alone. One must realize that the true path to the Kingdom is through faith. Paul illustrates this through the Book of Genesis, Chapter 15 Verse 6, where it states; Abram put his faith in the Lord, who credited it to him as an act of righteousness. Paul further explain s this by quoting Genesis, Chapter 15 Verse 6, where it states, Abram