The Twelve Signs of the Japanese Zodiac (Juunishi)

The Japanese zodiac (Juunishi) is divided into 12 blocks with each block containing a group of years. The years in each block are 12 years apart from the previous or following year (in that block only). Each block is given a name of an animal based on the ancient Chinese concept that all time shifts are based on these twelve units. In Japan, the adoption of the twelve-year cycle, with a different animal representing each block, is fairly common. Those individuals born during a particular year were said to inherit some of the personalities of that years animal. Have a look below to see what year and animal you are. Rat (nezumi) Born 2008, 1996, 1984, 1972, 1960, 1948, 1936, 1924, 1912. People born in the year of the Rat are charming, honest, ambitious, and have a tremendous capacity for pursuing a course to its end. They will work hard for their goals. They are easily angered but maintain an outward show of control. Ox (ushi) Born 2009, 1997, 1985, 1973, 1961, 1949, 1937, 1925, 1913. People born in the year of the Ox are patient, mentally alert and when required to speak are skillful. They have a gift for inspiring confidence in others. This allows them to achieve a great deal of success. Tiger (tora) Born 1998, 1986, 1974, 1962, 1950, 1938, 1926, 1914. People born in the year of the Tiger are sensitive, stubborn, short-tempered, courageous, selfish and slightly mean ... yet they are deep thinkers and are capable of great sympathy for those they are close to and love. Rabbit (usagi) Born 1999, 1987, 1975, 1963, 1951, 1939, 1927, 1915. People born in the year of the Rabbit are the most fortunate. They are smooth talkers, talented, ambitious, virtuous and reserved. They have exceedingly fine taste and are regarded with admiration and trust. Dragon (tatsu) Born 2000, 1988, 1976, 1964, 1952, 1940, 1928, 1916. People born in the year of the Dragon are healthy, energetic, excitable, short-tempered and stubborn. However, they are honest, sensitive, brave and can inspire trust in most anyone. They are the most peculiar of the 12 signs of the Zodiac cycle. Snake (hebi) Born 2001, 1989, 1977, 1965, 1953, 1941, 1929, 1917. People born in the year of the Snake are deep thinkers, speak very little and possess tremendous wisdom. They are fortunate in money matters and will always be able to obtain it. They are determined in what they do and hate to fail. Horse (uma) Born 2002, 1990, 1978, 1966, 1954, 1942, 1930, 1918, 1906. People born in the year of the Horse are skillful in paying compliments and talk too much. They are skillful with money and handle finances well. They are quick thinkers, wise and talented. Horse people anger easily and are very impatient. Sheep (hitsuji) Born 2003, 1991, 1979, 1967, 1955, 1943, 1931, 1919, 1907. People born in the year of the Sheep are elegant, highly accomplished in the arts, passionate about nature. At first glance, they seem to be better off than the people born in other years. They are deeply religious and passionate in whatever they do and believe in. Monkey (saru) Born 2004, 1992, 1980, 1968, 1956, 1944, 1932, 1920, 1908. People born in the year of the Monkey are the erratic geniuses of the Zodiac cycle. They are clever and skillful in grand-scale operations and are smart when making financial deals. They are inventive, original and are able to solve the most difficult problems with ease. Rooster (tori) Born 2005, 1981, 1969, 1957, 1945, 1933, 1921, 1909. People born in the year of the Rooster are deep thinkers and are always busy and devoted to their work. They always want to do more than they are able, and if they undertake a task beyond their abilities, they are disappointed. Rooster people have a habit of speaking out directly whenever they have something on their minds. Dog (inu) Born 2006, 1982, 1970, 1958, 1946, 1934, 1922, 1910. People born in the year of the Dog have all the fine qualities of human nature. They have a sense of duty and loyalty, they are extremely honest and always do their best in their relationship with other people. Dog people inspire confidence in others and know how to keep secrets. Boar (inoshishi) Born 2007, 1983, 1971, 1959, 1947, 1935, 1923, 1911. People born in the year of the Boar are brave. They have tremendous inner strength which no one can overcome. They display great honesty. They are short-tempered, yet hate to quarrel or have arguments. They are affectionate and kind to their loved ones.

Exegetical Study on Corinthians - 2551 Words

Exegetical study on: 1 Corinthians 14:1-6 Principles of Biblical Interpretation Dr. Dale Hutchcraft 10/23/09 Alex Sullins The passage that I chose to exegete is 1 Corinthians 14:1-6, the main idea of this passage is for the apostle Paul to confront the Corinthian church in Corinth about their misuse of the spiritual gifts, namely the use of tongues. The following is a full outline of the passage with the main point of each verse, it goes as follows: 1 Pursue love, yet desire earnestly spiritual gifts, but especially that you may prophesy. Paul starts out this verse strongly with the word â€Å"pursue† and â€Å"earnestly† showing the importance he is putting on pursuing the spiritual gifts. He stresses the importance though of the gift†¦show more content†¦The NT understands prophecy to be a divine and inspired message from God. This word has several meanings: a) To proclaim the revelation, the message of God, imparted to the prophet. b) Prophecy can have a special sense to foretell or proclaim future events. c) Prophecy can also mean to bring to light by prophetic speech something concealed. d) In Paul the word denotes teaching, admonishing, and comforting (1 Cor. 14:3) e) In Acts 19:6 it shows that prophecy is used to inspire and ecstatic magnifying God (Acts 10:46) (Kittel). Only Paul speaks of the gift of prophecy, in some instances as in 1 Th. 5:20 it is not clear whether the reference is to â€Å"the prophetic gift or the prophetic saying† (Friedrich). Verse 2 Verse 2 explains that the misuse of tongues was one of Corinthians â€Å"major problems in their exercises of their spiritual gifts during worship (Blomberg). â€Å"When speaking in tongues they felt enlarged and elevated, their whole being was for a time expanded by this emotion† (Exell). These gifts are all used by the spirit, in understanding these gifts it is essential to understand what the â€Å"spirit† is. In Jewish thought the spirit denotes the power that humans experience that relates them to the spiritual realm, the realm that lies beyond human control (TDNT). The human spirit is the aspect of a person that God most immediately encounters him or her (Rom. 8:16) the spirit is also referred to as theShow MoreRelatedGod s Righteous Judgment : Romans1736 Words   |  7 Pagespassage, Romans 2: 1-11. It is imperative to understand the correct identification of this passage, the analysis of literary style and characteristics of both the book of Romans a nd the passage, the cultural and historical background, the appropriate exegetical approach, the identification and explanation of any unique and significant phrases, and the modern relevance of the passage. This is the key to understanding the book of Romans and the passage appropriately. CORRECT IDENTIFICATION OF THE PASSAGERead MoreI Am Clearly Standing For Me1624 Words   |  7 PagesBut the thing which I am clearly standing for me was that this book examines 2 Corinthians 6:14-7:1 and his argue of its theological message and its communal holiness. Furthermore, how the author’s argument fits into the context in whole as we found in 2 Corinthians. But the most important contributions the author makes us to an understanding of these passages from different angle of vision which he brings from his study. I think the author makes clear early on these arguments that there are neglectRead MorePaul and the Church of Corinth Essay example971 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals who came to Corinth to make a big name for themselves and become successful. 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In Ephesians 2:21-22 refers that in Christ is made a new man that brings in Gentiles to be grafted in and be fellow heirs with the Body of Christ.Read MoreTechniques and Assumptions in Jewish Exegesis2168 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Hillel is remembered not for his inspired exegesis but for his rationalistic exegetical techniques, (Brewer 219). These rational exegetical techniques have been codified into the Seven Rules of Hillel, which many claim predate Hillel himself (The Seven Rules of Hillel). Regardless of when, how, and with whom the Seven Rules of rabbinical exegesis emerged, it is clear that Paul relied on these rules when conveying the teachings of Jesus Christ to the Jews. As Cohn-Sherbok pointsRead MoreBiblical Studies : Asian Theological Seminary1764 Words   |  8 PagesKrissanapong Samruamram New Testament Book Study M. Div (Biblical Studies) Asian Theological Seminary – 2nd semester AY 2015-2016 Exegetical Summaries and Reflections (a) ÃŽ  ÃŽ ¡ÃŽÅ¸ÃŽ £ ΚΟÎ ¡ÃŽâ„¢ÃŽ ÃŽËœÃŽâ„¢ÃŽÅ¸ÃŽ ¥ÃŽ £ Β΄ - 2 Corinthians 2:14-3:6 Literary Context 1. The majority of Biblical scholars treat this unit as the opening of second section of the letter body. In previous section, Paul still assured the Corinthians about his concern on them even though there were some issues,Read MoreProposal Paper1308 Words   |  6 PagesGiving that Lasts: Developing an Endowment for the Church’s Future The study of Theology must come to bear on every facet of human existence. Despite thoughts to the contrary this also includes the financial life of the believer and by extension the church. This journey of thought will seek to create an 8-12 month stewardship approach tailored to meet the need of a 145 year old congregation located in the Flatbush section of Brooklyn New York. 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He also has expertiseRead MoreThe Fulfillment of the Day of the Lord Essay5829 Words   |  24 Pagesproponent of this realized eschatology movement, which is also referred to as the ‘preterist approach.’ â€Å"Jesus’ message was not a future coming and a future kingdom; rather, with the advent of Jesus, the kingdom of God had already arrived.† The study and preponderance of Eschatological thought has seen a marked increase in the late nineteenth century and throughout the twentieth century. â€Å"Whether [the concept of the Day of the Lord] was originally eschatological in character is still being debated

Counseling and Psychotherapy Research

Question- 1. Abstract of the paper and whether that informs about hypothesis, variables and findings 2. Introduction: Does the paper have a good literature review to the topic in question and is that been backed up on the reference list? 3. Method: How did researchers process the information they acquired as to preparing for the topic? 4. Results: Is there a decent representation of findings supporting the hypothesis coming out of the analysis of data? 5. Discussion: Main findings and discussion over them, including strengths, limitations and suggestions for future and/or replication of present research? 6. Conclusion: Are there main points revisited? 7. References: Does the reference list include all references used in this research Answer- Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Background of the study 1.2 Research Objectives 1.3 Rationale of the proposal Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Literature Introduction 2.2 Approaches to counseling and psychotherapy 2.3 Importance of counseling and psychotherapy 2.4 Psychotherapy in UK 2.5 Ethics of counseling and psychotherapy 2.6 Literature Conclusion Chapter 3: Research Methodology 3.1 Methodology Introduction 3.2 Research approach and research design 3.3 Data collection methods and analysis 3.4 Research Timeline 3.5 Research ethics 3.6 Limitations of the methodology Reference List Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Background of the study Psychotherapy is a method of treatment of the mental illness of a patient that includes the interactive process by a mental health professional. The interactions with the patients are done to understand their feelings, emotions, thoughts and behavior in order to solve their problem and help them to lead a normal life (Ivey et al. 2012). In addition to this, counseling and psychotherapy are done in order to understand the illness understanding of the patient and also to build up a healthy relationship with the patients in order to meet the goals of the therapy (Claringbull, 2013). This research proposal will be dealing with 3 chapters namely Introduction which includes the background of the study, research objectives and rationale. The 2nd chapter deals with Literature Review that includes the different approaches to psychotherapy, importance of counseling and psychotherapy, psychotherapy in UK and ethics while conducting this therapy. The 3rd chapter deals with the research methodology that includes the research approach, research design, data collection methods, research ethics, data analysis procedures and limitations of the methodology. 1.2 Research Objectives The research objectives for this research proposal are hereby mentioned below- To understand the importance of counselling and psychotherapy To understand the awareness of the people and Government regarding the mental illness To see the role of psychotherapists and Government in curing the mental health patients 1.3 Rationale of the proposal It is seen that now days the mental illness among the people are rising in an alarming rate. There are several causes to this mental illness and the Government and other psychotherapists are working hard to counsel these patients appropriately so that they can lead a normal life like other people. Moreover, this proposal also aims in seeing the awareness and roles of Government in curing the mental health patients. Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Literature Introduction According to Larsson (2010) for an effective psychotherapy, a meaningful and a two way communication is essential between the psychotherapists and patients. This helps in establishing a meaningful and reliable relationship between the patients and the professionals. In addition to this, Linton (2012) had a view that it also helps in understanding the situation of the patients, implementation treatments to the patients and thereby evaluating the affects of treatments on the patient. This chapter of the research proposal will be dealing with the different approaches to counseling and psychotherapy and the importance of it. In addition to this, psychotherapy in UK is discussed along with the ethics regarding this is also discussed. 2.2 Approaches to counseling and psychotherapy The counselors and psychotherapist have a wide range of approaches for curing their patients that differ from patient to patient. The approaches are thereby discussed below- Adlerian Therapy- According to Mohatt (2010) this approach also known as individual psychology and is focused on creating a therapeutic relationship between the counselors and patients. This approach is quiet a cooperative, practical and encouraging approach that help clients in looking at their personal values and lifestyle. Westergaard (2013) commented on the fact that the psychologists following this therapy look into the world from the perspective of the client. One of the most powerful weapons to treat the patient through this approach is by encouragement, self confidence and power to act in a different way. Behavioral Therapy- According to Ridley and Mollen (2012) this therapy is an action based therapy that can also be termed as cognitive behavioral therapy or behavioral modification. This therapy focuses on behaviors that are caused due to specific feelings and thoughts and aims in eradicating the unwanted and maladaptive behavior. The patients facing this behavioral disorder suffers from anxiety, addictions and phobias. Stulmaker (2013) had a view that this therapy helps the individuals in learning new and positive behaviors that will help out the individuals suffering from behavioral disorder in the most effective way. Dialectical Behavioral Therapy- Reeves (2013) commented on the fact that this therapy was developed from cognitive behavioral therapy that aims in applying techniques to the mental patients who are detected with borderline personality disorder. These patients think of attempting suicide and harming oneself. According to Lenz et al. (2012) this therapy aims in making the patients mindful, increases their tolerance and also helps in increasing their interpersonal effectiveness. In addition to this, the patients are taught to adopt positive activities that give enjoyment, comparing people those are less fortunate and consider themselves in a better situation, grow up mentality to help others and push away the negative situation. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) According to Westra et al. (2007) this psychotherapy aims in resolving the symptoms that arises from disturbing and unresolved experiences in life. This therapy consists of eight phases with precise intentions for making the patients cure to make lead a normal life. The therapists try to solve the problems of the patients by using acceptance therapies. Young (2013) also commented on the view that the therapists initially explore the behavior of the mental patients and develop a common plan for the treatment that includes the primary complaint of the client. Then step by step the therapists uses tactics that help the clients in developing methods for coping up with distressing emotions followed by assessment of the patients. Jacobs (2010) also had a view that the therapists initiates stimulus to the patients that helps in understanding the associative information that gets into mind of the patients during the stimulus. This procedu re is continued until the patient gets totally distressed (Steckl, 2013). Humanistic Therapy- According to Jungers and Gregoire (2013) this approach takes up a holistic approach where the therapists pay attention to the creative phenomenon such as creativity and free will. The therapists help the clients in developing self actualization among the patients. This helps the patients in understanding the feelings that help in gaining a meaning to their life. Hanley et al. (2012) had commented on the fact that there are two techniques of this therapy- gestalt therapy that depends on current feelings and thoughts and client centered therapy that gives a supportive environment to the patients where they can reinstate their original identity. 2.3 Importance of counseling and psychotherapy According to Houser and Thoma (2013) it is generally seen that the psycho patients generally faces many kinds of hurdles and obstacles in their life that leads them to become negative in their mental approach and loses their self esteem. There are several categories and kinds of psycho patients having different symptoms that are need to be cured by the therapists. Since all the cases are different, the approaches of the therapists have to be different and the most effective way of dealing these people is through effective counseling. In addition to this Nicholson et al. (2010) had a view that these people want to express their thoughts and beliefs which they cannot express due to their fear, loss of encouragement and self confidence. In order to cure these people, a through counseling of these patients needs to be done in order to restore their lost individuality and personality. Joseph (2010) commented on the fact that counseling helps in building up a strong, healthy and reliable relationship between the psychotherapists and psycho patients. This makes the treatment easier since the patients tend to say out everything about their thoughts, emotions, likings, disliking and problems they are facing with an assurance that the psychotherapists will be helping them in solving their problem. In addition to this, Zuroff et al. (2007) commented on the fact that, an effective counseling helps in increasing the enthusiasm of the patients and also increases their expectations to be helped by the psychotherapists. Through an efficient counseling and psychotherapy, the inner fears of the patients are reduced to a considerable level and help the patients in regaining their self esteem and self actualization. Moreover, according to Barros-Bailey and Saunders (2010) an efficient counseling helps in regulating the excess emotional erection of the patients and also encourage s them for adopting new creativity and engagements that helps the minds of the patients to get diverted from negativity of their life. Moreover, Makinson and Young (2012) had a view that a good counseling makes the therapists emphatic toward the patients that helps in getting to know them more closely that helps in adoption of efficient techniques for their cure. It also helps in identifying the capabilities of the patients and the psychotherapists encourages and motivates them to get more involved in the things the patients love to do rather than staying laid back and thinking negative of their life. 2.4 Psychotherapy in UK According to Lucas (2012) psychotherapy in UK is regulated voluntarily and the national registers for counselors and psychotherapists are thereby maintained by 3 bodies namely- Unite Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP), British Psychoanalytic Council (BPC) and British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). The UKCP came into force in the year 1993 that aims in promoting and maintaining the profession of psychotherapy and thereby providing high standards of psychotherapy to the people of UK for their benefit. UKCP is controlled by a board of trustees and constitutional documents that evaluates the performance of the organization in fulfilling the objectives of the charity. Hayes, S., Pistorello and Levin (2012) commented on the fact that UKCP is committed in fulfilling the objectives for which the organization has been set up, does a good market research to keep itself updated with the current news and researches and discusses about various methods of improving the treatment of the patients. Houser and Thoma (2013) commented on the fact that BPC is quite active in working across the public and they are focused in meeting their objective of providing good mental care to the patients across UK. They have their code of ethics that are regulated by BPCs own regulatory body. According to Mohatt (2010) this organization trains the psychotherapists and exists in order to protect the interests of the public and treat them in the most innovative and effective way. This council also focuses on maintaining a relationship between the therapists and the patients and also maintains the individual confidentiality of the patients. According to (Claringbull, 2013) the BACP that came into existence in 1970 is a huge organization that has many counselors registered with it around UK. The organization is constituted by a number of membership categories depending on the level old experience, involvement and training. The man aims of the organization are to provide the psychotherapists enough training and education through which the counselors provide a high standard of treatment to the patients. In addition to this, Joseph (2010) commented on the fact that BACP is also responsible for creating awareness among the people about the psychological people and also educates them to treat these people with care. 2.5 Ethics of counseling and psychotherapy According to Fijałkowska (2012) the psychotherapists and councilors maintain the codes of ethics in order to safeguard the interests and individuality of the psycho patients. The code of ethics that are followed are discussed below- Maintaining confidentiality and protecting the patients safety- Delany (2012) had a view that the confidentiality of the patients cases needs to be maintained in order to safeguard their self interest and self dignity. The therapists have to be trustworthy so that the patients can openly discuss their problems with him to get a successful way out of the problem they are facing. In addition to this Lenz et al. (2012) commented on the fact that the therapists needs to be ethical and responsible to protect the safety of the patients. The patients will have the reliability to trust the therapists if they feel that their dignity and information is safeguard with them. Enhancing the quality relationship with the patients- According to the codes of ethics (Ivey et al. 2012) had a view that the therapists need to maintain a good relationship with the patients. This is because, on the basis of the good relationship, the patients will find the confidence and eagerness to share their emotions, thoughts and feelings with the therapists. According to Lenz et al. (2012) from the side of the therapists, they also need to be empathetic towards the patients to gain their trust and belief for providing them a good treatment so that the psycho patients can lead a normal life like others. Respecting human rights and dignity- Stulmaker (2013) commented on the fact that it is the responsibility of the psychotherapists in maintaining the human rights and dignity to all the patients and treating each one of them equally. This encourages the patients in opening up themselves to the therapists so that they are cured more accurately and methodically. In addition to this, Mohatt (2010) had a view that through counseling the human rights of the patients need to be maintained and all the patients need to given equal dignity and rights. Mocking or making gun of the patents gives an adverse effect on the mentality of the patients and the patients tend to lose their dignity and self confidence. Taking up fair methods of counseling as well as psychotherapy services- According to Joseph (2010) the therapists need to take up fair methods of counseling of the patients. This is because, the more fairly the decisions will be taken, the more appropriate will be the decisions for the patients. The patients will be more dependent on the therapists and will tend to interact with them freely regarding their problems that they are facing with. 2.6 Literature Conclusion This chapter deals with an elaborate discussion on the approaches regarding the counseling and psychotherapy, the importances of it along with effectiveness of UKCP, BPC and BACP in providing efficient counseling and psychotherapy. In addition to this, the ethics and codes of conduct that is essential to maintain while counseling the psycho patients are also discussed. Chapter 3: Research Methodology 3.1 Methodology Introduction Research methodology is a methodical approach that helps the researcher in understanding the relevance of data that are collected for successfully carrying out the research (Hill, 2011). This chapter will be dealing with the research approach along with research design and data collection methods with its analysis. In addition to this, the ethics regarding the data collection and limitations are also discussed. 3.2 Research approach (Deductive Approach) In order to conduct this research, the researcher has taken deductive research approach as this approach progresses from an elaborate analysis towards specific analysis (Jones, 2013). The theory adopted has been assumed to be true and an in depth analysis of the topic is done for accepting or rejecting the hypothesis. The researcher has planned to choose exploratory research design that helps in answering the questions asked in the context individually. 3.4 Research design (Descriptive Approach) Out of the three research designs, the researcher has adopted deductive research approach. This is because; the researcher describes the different theories of counselling and psychotherapy that helped the researcher in understanding the research proposal to the maximum extent (Joseph, 2010). 3.3 Data collection methods- Quantitative and Qualitative approach The data is collected is through primary and secondary sources. The primary sources includes both quantitative and qualitative questionnaire. The therapists and nurses are asked the quantitative questions regarding the counselling and the head of the psychotherapy departments of some hospitals are asked qualitative questions. The secondary sources of collecting data are the magazines, articles and journals related to this topic. Qualitative Research Methods Qualitative Data is effective in recoding the data in the narrative form in order to describe the research topic in more impressive way. Moreover, the researcher can be able to gain information from the respondent in free way (Hill, 2011). On the other hand, the respondent may not be bounded and he/she can deliver the information in most appropriate manner and can provide the reason behind any adopted strategy to tackle the mental illness and future plan which may not be possible only through circulating questionnaire with close ended questions (Young, 2013). Therefore, the researcher can adopt different methods for acquiring the qualitative data. Methods of Qualitative Data Individual Interviews: The interview can be conducted with the respective personnel or authoritative person. Therefore, in order to conduct interview, the head of psychotherapy departments will be taken into consideration and their permission will be sought so that they can effectively involve themselves in the survey (Cameron, 2009). Five different heads of the department will be contacted so that operation of each department can be known and their steps towards the mental illness can be known. Apart from that, an effective comparison can be made from the responses of head that which department is successfully and impressively meeting the challenges of mental illness. On the other hand, the interview will be feasible as the researcher can communicate with the respondent face to face and can receive real information which may be not possible in gaining information from other methods (Gomm, Hammersley and Foster, 2000). Focus Groups: Apart from the individual interview, focus group interview can be effective too, to obtain data from a small set of people. The researcher can gather required information in one session only. Therefore, the researcher may not have to visit individually to each selected respondent to receive information (Bartlett, 2012). Thus, the researcher can request to the head of the different departments to visit to a particular place so that they can be interviewed at one time. Apart from that, it can be hard for the researcher to record the viewpoints that will be delivered by the respondents (Pierce, 2012). Therefore, in that case, the researcher can use the video or audio recorder so that forwarded points can be recorded that can be further used in the research for analyzing the effectiveness of the data. Observations: The behaviour of the participants or respondents can be studied which can be helpful in collecting valuable information. The reaction of the respondent will be acknowledged for each question to know whether the respondent is delivery the answer in confident way or in hesitant way (Hardy, 2012). On the other hand, the role of head of psychotherapy departments will be observed in enforcing their activities to treat mental illness and also their approach. This can let the researcher know the act of the respective heads in number of hospitals which will be useful in gathering information for further analysis. Apart from that, the researcher has to seek the permission from the respective authority or hospitals to conduct the survey or observational study (Mills, 2012). Thus, it can be understood that different qualitative methods can be useful for the researcher to collect information. In order to conduct the qualitative research, heads of psychotherapy departments of five hospitals in UK will be taken in account as they can provide information relating to the strategies implemented by them to overcome the issue of mental illness. Qualitative Questionnaires 1) How far the Government and the regulatory bodies are effective in counselling the psycho patients? Hypothesis 0: Government and regulatory bodies are effective in providing counselling to psycho patients Hypothesis 1: Government and regulatory bodies are not effective in providing counselling to psycho patients Justification: From the set hypothesis, the researcher can be able to know the viewpoints of the participants or say head of the psychotherapy department of five hospitals. Therefore, it can be clear that whether the government or different regulatory bodies provide counselling to psycho patients and if provide than at what level. 2) How far the organizations are efficient enough to maintain the codes of conduct? Hypothesis 0: Organisations are efficient enough in maintaining the code of conduct Hypothesis 1: Organisations are not efficient enough in maintaining the code of conduct Justification: The proposed hypothesis will let researcher know whether the organisations are following the code of ethics or not in treating the patients. Moreover, it will provide details about the whether the patients are provided higher interest or not and carrying their responsibility in highest level or not. 3) Do the strategy adopted by the hospitals is helpful for the mental ill people? Hypothesis 0: The strategy of hospital is beneficial for psycho people Hypothesis 1: The strategy of hospital is not beneficial for the psycho people Justification: It will help in knowing the different strategy adopted by the hospitals to support mental ill people and comparison can be made of the strategy of different hospitals. Moreover, the researcher can be able to understand what benefits has been received by the patients and what is the level of their improvement. 4) Do the psychotherapists take up their job seriously in curing mental illness? Hypothesis 0: Psychotherapist is entirely involved in curing mental illness Hypothesis 1: Psychotherapist is not entirely involved in curing mental illness Justification: Through the above hypothesis, the role of psychotherapist will be understood and what is the level of their involvement with the mental health patients. Moreover, the number of psychotherapists in one hospital can be known and whether they provide effective treatment or not. 5) Does the hospital have right equipment to provide required benefit to the mental health patients? Hypothesis 0: Hospital holds equipments that provide large benefit to the mental ill patients Hypothesis 1: Hospital holds equipments that do not cater impressive benefit to mental ill patients Justification: The above drawn hypothesis will make the researcher know the whether the hospital comprises advanced and latest medical equipment to treat the mental ill patient or not. Quantitative Research Methods Quantitative Data is effective in studying the natural phenomena which emphasizes on the mathematical, statistical and numerical analysis of the information has been acquired by the researcher. Moreover, a relationship can be developed among the independent variable and the dependent variable within a respective population. According to Blaylock and Kopf (2012), quantitative research design can be both experimental and descriptive. The descriptive design can be measured only once whereas the experimental design can be measured after and before the treatment. Further, the researcher can obtain data via structured research instruments and the results can be relied on wide sample sizes which may not be possible under qualitative method. Therefore, the researcher clearly defines the research questions for that objective response is sought. Methods of Collecting Quantitative Data Questionnaires: As per Gallagher (012), questionnaires are usually considered as easy and logical alternative to acquire the desired information. Therefore, the researcher can concentrate upon designing the questionnaire so that valuable information can be sought from the nurses and therapist of the hospitals in UK. The researcher can develop close ended question for the selected respondents. The respondent can provide effective knowledge relating to counselling and therapy that are provided to the mental ill patients. Thus, the researcher can obtain wide numbers of responses and can be analysed statistically (Walsh, 2012). Apart from that, the researcher may face problem in gaining required response rate. Thus, the researcher has to persuade the respondents in deliberate manner to complete the survey and in ethical manner. The researcher can jot down number of question which can be relevant to the proposed topic so that accurate answer can be received and purpose of the research stu dy can be fulfilled (Martin and Bridgmon, 2012). On the other hand, the researcher has to seek permission from the head of the hospitals to carry the research survey. Experimental Research: Creswell (2012) discussed that experimental research normally guided by hypothesis. The experimental research can help the researcher in formulating hypothesis which can provide detail to researcher whether the design hypothesis proves or disapproves the statement. Moreover, the researcher can be able to explain most of the phenomena through experiment research and can receive better understanding of the research study. Thus, the researcher can analyse the data in the form of numerical. Apart from that, the other sources for acquiring quantitative data can be: Existing Institutional Data: The already published data can be effective for the researcher to have deep insight knowledge about counselling and psychotherapy which are practiced in number of hospitals. Therefore, it can be considered as secondary research and researcher can use the data that can be relevant to the proposed topic (Martin and Bridgmon, 2012). Moreover, the previous data can be easily deducted that may relate with the study and comparison can be made to know the success level of counselling and therapy in the hospitals. Thus, after considering all the different methods of acquiring quantitative data, the researcher can decide upon conducting online questionnaire survey as it will the researcher to study large numbers of sample size with ease that can be effective in analysing the responses in most feasible manner. Population and Sample Population is expressed as a cluster of people that may be indirectly or directly involved in the process of research. Therefore, for conducting the quantitative research, nurses and psychotherapist will be included in the survey in order to receive information on the counselling and psychotherapy and their importance. On the other hand, the researcher may not be able to consider all the population, therefore, smaller portion of the population has taken as sample. Sampling Technique The researcher can select sample on random basis to know the effectiveness of counselling and psychotherapy and it can correlate with the research topic criteria. Therefore, simple random probability sampling has been considered for the quantitative research (Hardy, 2012). On the other hand, the researcher has used online questionnaire to get responses or feedback from the selected participants. Sample Size In order to study the quantitative research techniques, total 60 nurses and psychotherapist has been selected. The researcher has concentrated on the 60 sample as it will help the researcher to have average understanding about counselling and psychotherapy and it can make clear what kind of approach has been followed in rest of UKs hospital. Quantitative Research Questions 1) For how long you have been associated with this hospital? Options Response 6 months 1 year 2 year More than two year 2) How far you satisfied with the counselling practice adopted in hospital? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 2) How far do you think the people are aware of psychotherapy and counselling of psycho patients? Options Response Very Likely Likely Average Less Very Less 3) How much success have you received through effective counselling and psychotherapy? Options Response 0- 25% 26% - 50% 51% - 75% 76% - 100% 4) How far you agree that psychotherapist is effectively carrying their job? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 5) Are you satisfied with the different therapy provided by the psychotherapist? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 6) Are you satisfied with the support provided by the Government? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 7) How far you agree that standardisation is maintained in treating mental health patients? Options Response Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree 8) How far you agree that therapy and counselling is effective in improving the health of patients? Options Response Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree 9) Are you satisfied with the working environment of the hospital? Options Response Strongly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Strongly Dissatisfied 10) Do you agree the practice of psychotherapist should be changed? Options Response Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree The above drawn questionnaires can be useful for the researcher to collect valuable data which can be further analysed to deliver effective result and thus, effectiveness of psychotherapy and counselling of mental health patients can be known. 3.4 Research Timeline Refer to Appendix, Table 1. 3.5 Research ethics While conducting this research, the researcher has maintained the code of ethics by preparing the questions in such a manner that it will not hurt the sentiments of the people. In addition to this, the respondents were not forced to answer the questions. 3.6 Limitations of the methodology The time limitation is one of the major limitations to this research along with shortage of finances. Moreover, the therapists will always say positive things about their conduct which is not always reliable. Reference List Hanley, T., Lennie, C. and West, W. (2012)Introducing Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, London: SAGE Publications Houser, R. and Thoma, S. (2013)Ethics in counseling therapy, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications Ivey, A., D'Andrea, M. and Ivey, M. (2012)Theories of counseling and psychotherapy, Los Angeles: SAGE Publications Jacobs, M. (2010)Psychodynamic counseling in action, Los Angeles: SAGE Joseph, S. (2010)Theories of counseling and psychotherapy, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan Jungers, C. and Gregoire, J. (2013)Counseling ethics, New York: Springer Pub Nicholson, C., Irwin, M. and Dwivedi, K. (2010)Children and adolescents in trauma, London: Jessica Kingsley Young, M. E. (2013)Learning the art of helping: Building blocks and techniques, 5th ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Bartlett, R. (2012). Modifying the Diary Interview Method to Research the Lives of People With Dementia. Qualitative Health Research, 22(12), pp.1717-1726. Blaylock, B. and Kopf, J. (2012). The Impact of Arithmetic Skills on Mastery of Quantitative Analysis. Education Research International, 2012, pp.1-6. Creswell, J. (2012). Educational research. Boston: Pearson. Gallagher, K. (2012). Transdimensional inverse thermal history modeling for quantitative thermochronology. J. Geophys. Res., 117(B2). Hardy, M. (2012). Method matters (in death, as well as life). Qualitative Social Work, 11(3), pp.338-340. Martin, W. and Bridgmon, K. (2012). Quantitative and statistical research methods. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Mills, D. (2012). Book review: Mike Savage, Identities and Social Change in Britain Since 1940: The Politics of Method. Qualitative Research, 12(5), pp.603-604. Penny, K. and Atkinson, I. (2012). Editorial: Issues in quantitative healthcare research. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21(19pt20), pp.2697-2698. Pierce, J. (2012). Book Review: Autoethnography as Method and Creating Autoethnographies. Qualitative Health Research, 22(2), pp.285-287. Popping, R. (2012). Qualitative Decisions in Quantitative Text Analysis Research. Sociological Methodology, 42(1), pp.88-90. Walsh, K. (2012). Board Editorial: Quantitative vs qualitative research: A false dichotomy. Journal of Research in Nursing, 17(1), pp.9-11. Westra, H. A., Dozois, D. J. A., Marcus, M. (2007) Expectancy, homework compliance and initial change in cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75, pp.363-373 Zuroff, D. C., Koestner, R., Moskowitz, D. S., Mcbride, C., Marshall, M., Bagby, (2007) Autonomous motivation for therapy: A new common factor in brief Treatments for depression, Psychotherapy Research, 17, pp.137-148 Barros-Bailey, M. and Saunders, J. (2010) Ethics and the Use of Technology in Rehabilitation Counseling,Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 53(4), pp.255-259 Claringbull, N. (2013) Understanding research in clinical and counselling psychology,Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 13(1), pp.82-83 Delany, C. (2012) The role of clinical ethics consultations for physical therapy practice,Physical Therapy Reviews, 17(3), pp.176-183 Fijałkowska, B. (2012) Ethics and EBM in physiotherapy and in occupational therapy,Advances in Rehabilitation, 26(4), pp. 42-59 Hayes, S., Pistorello, J. and Levin, M. (2012) Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a Unified Model of Behavior Change,The Counseling Psychologist, 40(7), pp.976-1002 Hill, C. (2011) Qualitative research in counseling and psychotherapy, Psychotherapy Research, 21(6), pp.736-738 Jones, P. (2013) Narrative vignettes and online enquiry in researching therapist accounts of practice with children in schools: An analysis of the methodology, Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 14(3), pp.227-234 Larsson, P. (2010) Reflexive methodology: new vistas for qualitative research by Mats Alvesson and Kaj Skoldberg,European J. of Psychotherapy Counselling, 12(1), pp.89-91 Lenz, A., Speciale, M. and Aguilar, J. (2012) Relational-Cultural Therapy Intervention with Incarcerated Adolescents: A Single-Case Effectiveness Design,Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation, 3(1), pp.17-29 Linton, J. (2012) Ethics and Accreditation in Addictions Counselor Training: Possible Field Placement Issues for CACREP-Accredited Addictions Counseling Program, Journal of Addictions Offender Counseling, 33(1), pp.48-61 Lucas, M. (2012) Counseling on Campus: Client Persistence and Progress, Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 26(3), pp.227-240 Makinson, R. and Young, J. (2012) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Where Counseling and Neuroscience Meet, Journal of Counseling Development, 90(2), pp.131-140 Mohatt, G. (2010) Moving Toward an Indigenous Psychotherapy,The Counseling Psychologist, 38(2), pp.236-242 Muller-Pinget, S., Carrard, I., Ybarra, J. and Golay, A. (2012) Dance therapy improves self-body image among obese patients,Patient Education and Counseling, 89(3), pp.525-528 Reeves, A. (2013) Times of Change in Counselling and Psychotherapy Research,Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 13(2), pp.85-85 Ridley, C. and Mollen, D. (2012) An Examination of Newness in Emerging Approaches to Counseling Intervention,The Counseling Psychologist, 40(7), pp.1070-1077 Stulmaker, H. (2013) Counseling-based teacher interventions: Defining, exploring, and differentiating,International Journal of Play Therapy, 22(1), pp.2-12 Westergaard, J. (2013) Counselling young people: Counsellors' perspectives on what works An exploratory study,Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 13(2), pp.98-105 Cameron, R. (2009). 'A sequential mixed model research design: design, analytical and display issues', International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches, 3(2), 140-152 Gomm, R., Hammersley, M. and Foster, P. (2000). Case Study Method. London: Sage. Steckl, C. (2013)The Importance of the Relationship in Counseling and Psychotherapy - Psychotherapy Treatment And Psychotherapist Information. Mentalhelp.net.

Pauls Letter To The Galatians Essays (1316 words) - Christianity

Paul's Letter To The Galatians The Unkindest Cut of All: The Role of Circumcision in the Christian Church The expansion of the Christian church in Galatia was an extraordinary feat that few men could have completed successfully. The daunting task of spreading the church and then keeping it running was left to one of the most pious men of that era, Paul. His letters illustrate the difficulty of dealing with the newcomers to the Christian religion. From answering technical questions about the second coming of Christ to attempting to resolve the problems the new Christians were having with pagan ministries, Paul certainly had his hands full in Galatia. One of the main problems Paul had in Galatia was the appearance of Jewish Christians, who told the Gentile Christians that they were required to be circumcised. To Paul, this was a threat to the way of life he had prescribed to the Gentile Christians. So it came to be that the center of all the controversy in Galatia revolved around an ancient ritual. Pauls path to God, and the fate of Gentile Christianity, teetered in the balance of the unki ndest cut of all. The first subject Paul wished to address in his Letter to the Galatians was his legitimacy as a missionary in the name of God. He reviews his past as a Jew and recounts his days of persecuting the Christian church. Paul believes that if the Galatians remember who he once was, they will decide that if one of the false teachers own defected to Christianity, then perhaps they were correct in following Paul, the converted Jew. Paul continues his lecture on how he is a legitimate carrier of the message of the Lord by stating that he recognized, the favor bestowed (Gal. 2:8) upon him by the Lord. Paul is clearly restating his role in the evolution of the Christian church to underscore his righteousness in the eyes of the Lord. This is more than ample proof for the Galatians that Paul is the carrier of the true message. Paul wrote his scathing Letter to the Galatians to reinforce the teachings he had presented there during his second missionary journey. He intended to illustrate to the Galatians that there was a strong dividing line in the Christian faith between the law and the Spirit contained in them through Jesus Christ. As it turns out, Jewish Christians had visited Galatia in the absence of Paul and preached to the Gentile Christians about their Christian duty to receive and follow Jewish law, which included circumcision. Paul saw this as undermining his central Christian theme of focusing on the Spirit rather than the laws of man. By submitting to these false teachers, whom Paul believes has cast a spell over them (the Galatians), (Gal. 3:1) they would be returning to the days when they were, slaves to gods who are not really divine. (Gal. 4:8) Paul sought to restore the Galatians faith in his teachings by showing them that they were incorrect in believing that they could finish in the flesh what they began in the Spirit. Paul begins by asking a simple question, how did you receive the Spirit? (Gal. 3:2) Paul asks again, Did you receive it through the law or through faith in what you heard? Of course, the Galatians received the blessing of Christ through the Spirit and therefore have no duty to follow the laws that the Jewish Christians had prescribed. Paul goes on the remark that, All who depend on observance of the laware under a curse. (Gal. 3:10) Paul again emphasizes this when he states, no one is justified in Gods sight by the law. (Gal. 3:11) What Paul is stating here is that the path that the law provides is not the way to eternal life. Heaven cannot be attained through strict observance of the law alone. One must realize that the true path to the Kingdom is through faith. Paul illustrates this through the Book of Genesis, Chapter 15 Verse 6, where it states; Abram put his faith in the Lord, who credited it to him as an act of righteousness. Paul further explain s this by quoting Genesis, Chapter 15 Verse 6, where it states, Abram

Noun-Adjective Agreement in Spanish

Noun-Adjective Agreement in Spanish Noun-adjective agreement is one of the most fundamental aspects of Spanish grammar: Adjectives must agree with the nouns they refer to in both number and gender. Agreement: an Essential, Basic Rule of Spanish Grammar The rule, which has no English equivalent, is that singular nouns are accompanied by singular adjectives, and plural nouns are accompanied by plural adjectives. Masculine nouns are described or limited by masculine adjectives, and feminine nouns are described or limited by feminine adjectives. The same rule applies to definite articles (the equivalent of the) and indefinite articles (a class of words that in English include a, an, and any), both of which sometimes are considered types of adjectiveshttps://www.thoughtco.com/noun-adjective-agreement-3078114. How To Modify Adjectives for Number and Gender The normal form of adjectives, the form you will find listed in dictionaries, is singular and masculine. To make the adjective plural, follow one of these steps, which as the same as for making nouns plural: If it ends in an unstressed vowel, add s: verde (green, singular), verdes (green, plural). El rbol es verde, the tree is green. Los rboles son verdes, the trees are green.If it ends in a z, change the z to a c and add : feliz (happy, singular), felices (happy, plural). Soy feliz, Im a happy person; somos felices, we are happy people.If it ends in another consonant or a stressed vowel, add : difà ­cil (difficult, singular), difà ­ciles (difficult, plural). La tarea es difà ­cil, the task is difficult; las tareas son difà ­ciles, the tasks are difficult.Note that in a few cases it is necessary to add an accent mark to maintain the stress on the correct syllable or delete one when its no longer necessary to indicate stress. For example, the plural of inglà ©s (English) as an adjective is ingleses. Making a masculine adjective feminine is even easier. Just follow these steps: If the singular masculine adjective ends in an : pequeà ±o (small, masculine singular), pequeà ±a (small, feminine singular). El gato es pequeà ±o, the cat is small; los gatos son pequeà ±os, the cats are small; la chica es pequeà ±a, the girl is small; las chicas son pequeà ±as, the girls are small.If the singular masculine adjective ends in any other letter, the feminine form is the same. El autobà ºs es grande, the bus is big; la casa es grande, the house is big. Adjectives can come before or after nouns, or they can be used with verbs such as ser (to be) to describe nouns. But (except for invariable adjectives) they will always match the nouns they describe in both number and gender. Invariable Adjectives There are a few adjectives, known as invariable adjectives, that dont change in form. Most of them are either uncommon colors or words of foreign origin. An example is web as in la pgina web (the web page) and las pginas web (the web pages). Sometimes a noun can be used as an invariable adjective, but this practice is much less common in Spanish than in English. Being Spanish students seldom will have the need to use invariable adjectives, but you should be aware that they exist so they dont confuse you when you see them. Sample Sentences Demonstrating Noun-Adjective Agreement Las familias felices se divierten en la playa rocosa. (The happy families are enjoying themselves on the rocky beach.) Felices is plural because familias is plural. The feminine form rocosa is used because playa is feminine. La and las are feminine definite articles. El hombre feliz va a ascender al pico rocoso. (The happy man is going to climb to the rocky summit.) The singular feliz is used because there is only one man. The masculine rocoso is used because pico is masculine. El is a masculine definite article. Al is a contracted form of a plus el. Ha sido un dà ­a largo entre muchas semanas largas. (It has been a long day among many long weeks.) The singular masculine largo is used with dà ­a because dà ­a is masculine and there is one of them, but the plural feminine largas is used with semanas because semana is feminine and there are more than one. Un and muchas are masculine and feminine indefinite articles, respectively. Un taco es una preparacià ³n mexicana que en su forma estndar consiste en una tortilla que contiene algà ºn alimento dentro. (A taco is a Mexican preparation that in its standard form consists of a tortilla the contains some food inside. Su is a determiner or possessive adjective that changes with number but not gender. Estndar is an invariable adjective - the same word would have been used with plural or masculine nouns.) Key Takeaways With the rare exception of invariable adjectives, adjectives must match the nouns they refer to in both number and gender.Singular adjectives are made plural in the same way singular nouns are.Adjectives ending on -o or -os can be made plural by changing those letters to -a or -as, respectively.

Comparing Jesse Popes Whos for the game and Wilfred Owens Disabled and Anthem for doomed youth Essays

Comparing Jesse Popes Whos for the game and Wilfred Owens Disabled and Anthem for doomed youth Essays Comparing Jesse Popes Whos for the game and Wilfred Owens Disabled and Anthem for doomed youth Paper Comparing Jesse Popes Whos for the game and Wilfred Owens Disabled and Anthem for doomed youth Paper Essay Topic: Anthem Literature The Red Badge Of Courage Jesse Pope was a female poet during the war. Being a woman, she never went to the front line. Pope would write jingoistic poems for propaganda that would encourage men to join the army and go to war. She would use wrong reasons for going to war. One of her most well known poems was Whos for the game. She referred to the army and war as a game, the biggest thats played. Jesse would say that war was a once in a life time opportunity. She also made references to sport, wholl grip and tackle, (rugby). Whod rather come back with a crutch. When she says this, she means that after fighting you may break a leg or even loose a leg, but this will be your badge of courage, it will make you a hero. She says wholl give his country a hand? This is a patriotic, jingoistic reference, participating in war makes you a patriot. Jesse even says that war is fun be out of the fun, However a risk as well, it wont be a picnic, not much. Pope says or hints that if you dont go to war, you are a coward, who thinks hed rather sit tight who wants a seat in the stand. Wilfred Owen was very much against Jesse Popes poetry. He wasnt anti war but he believed in joining war for the right reasons. Owen was at the front line, he served in the war. He would right poems about war and also poems to encourage men to sign up, but for the right reasons, the first of his poems I am going to write about is Disabled. This poem is about a man who went to war and was crippled in action. He sat in his wheelchair, waiting for dark. Dark is referring to death, he has no meaning for his life, he cant move or live properly, so he just waits to die. He could also already be dying and suffering as he gets closer to death. And shivered in his ghastly suit of grey. This suit could be his old uniform which holds bad memories of when he was hurt. It also might be a reflection of his mood, dull, sad. Leg less and sewn short at the elbow. He is referring to the suit again, he has lost his legs so the are no trouser legs, he has lost one, maybe both his arms so the sleeves are shortened. Pleasure after day, Sleep had mothered them from him. This could mean that when he sleeps, it takes away his pain, he couldnt feel his wounds anymore. Owen talks about the soldiers old life, Town used to swing so gay. He than talks about how he is now unattractive, Now he will never feel how slim girls waists are or how warm their subtle hands. Touch him like some queer disease. Owen is saying that this man is the disease. There was an artist silly for his face Owen is saying that before he was crippled, he was handsome for it was younger than his youth. Owen may be saying that war has aged the soldier. Owen begins to talk about when the man used to play football one time he used to like a blood smear down his leg. People would compliment him, say he got stuck in, the cut would be his badge of courage. When hed drunk a peg, He thought hed better join. This is saying that he signed up when he was drunk. Someone said hed look good in kilts, to please his Meg, Owen is saying he joined up because the girls would like him in uniform, Meg was probably his girlfriend. Smiling they wrote his lie; nineteen years. The man was underage. Some cheered him home but not as they cheered a goal. This could be saying that a goal was more important than his return, or that he was more of a hero when he scored. This poem is encouraging men not to join war for the wrong reasons, the man in the poem joined for the wrong reasons and came out crippled. The second poem I am going to write about is also by Wilfred Owen and is called Anthem of doomed youth, a poem that Siegfried Sassoon inspired Owen to write. The first line of the poem is what passing bells for those who die as cattle. The bells may be funeral bells, a sign that they will die, and they die as cattle, this means that they are all slaughtered, maybe by machine gun fire. Owen then goes on to say that the only thing that can patter out their prayers are the guns noises. No mockeries now for them, no prayers nor bells this is talking about their deaths. The soldiers will not have funerals, they will die and stay where they died nor any voice of mourning save the choirs. This saying the same thin, there will be no choir, they will die and not be moved. The shrill, demented choir of wailing shells, this is also talking about their deaths and funerals, they will die to the sound of bombs, that will be their choir. In this poem, Owen uses a lot of onomatopoeia like dust and drawing-downs glimmers of goodbyes rifles rapid rattle

Critique of a Political Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Critique of a Political Speech - Essay Example The opening phrase â€Å"Good evening, tonight I can report to the American people and the world†¦Ã¢â‚¬  makes it clear that the speech is a formal announcement, and that the President is conscious that his words will become a part of history. The word â€Å"report† implies that he will stick to a factual account, and the language that he uses to describe events in Pakistan follow this up, for example â€Å"an operation† (paragraph 1) â€Å"counterterrorism professionals† (paragraph 6) â€Å"a targeted operation (paragraph 11) â€Å"took custody of his body† (paragraph 11). This use of plain and logical language, describing neutrally what happened is called an appeal through logos. The action is presented as a straightforward continuation of America’s counter-terrorism strategy following the 9/11 terrorist atrocities. This can be seen when the President sets out the chronological train of events in his planning and execution of anti-terroris t actions: â€Å"Over the years I have repeatedly made clear that we would take action†¦That is what we have done† (paragraph 15) The timeline of consistent and logical action is also projected into the future: â€Å"Yet his death does not mark the end of our effort†¦ We must – and we will – remain vigilant† (paragraph 13). The way that the President delivers the speech is sober and serious, with no pageantry and no audience present. He stands in a dark suit at a podium, inside the Whitehouse but not in any remarkable location. The American flag is held in shot at the opening but the camera focuses very quickly upon the President’s head and shoulders. There is a small â€Å"WHGOV† logo at the top right of the screen, and a full White House credits screen is shown at the end, but apart from that there is no emphasis on the Presidential status of the speaker. This is very clever, because it allows the President to speak as a human be ing, as well as a head of state. He appears determined and calm, and not triumphalist. He even acknowledges the work of his predecessor in office and political opponent, and agrees with him: â€Å"I ‘ve made clear, just as President Bush did shortly after 9/11,†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (paragraph 14) This persona of the calm and dignified leader, victor in long battle and steadily carrying on with the country’s business is an appeal through ethos. It uses President Obama’s political status and personal manner to persuade the audience that â€Å"this is a good and historic day† (paragraph 16) and â€Å"Justice has been done.† (paragraph 19). These last two statements are delivered in the same sober style as the accounts of the action of Pakistan, inviting the audience to trust in his judgement on these matters of interpretation. In fact the President must have known that there would be a lot of angry and worried reactions to the fact that Osama bin Laden was e xecuted without trial. It could be argued that he was not brought to justice at all, and that invading Pakistani air space without permission and then killing him was an act of terrorism which America should be ashamed to admit. These technicalities are not mentioned by the President, and his reassuring persona encourages the audience to concentrate on the result, and not the means that was used to get there. The most obvious rhetorical appeals in the speech are those which use the technique of pathos, a style defined as â€Å"an appeal based on emotion†

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 7

Marketing - Essay Example Furthermore, it has also been observed that, firms which offer interchangeable service channels are deemed to be ‘extremely appealing’ by the customers (Bendoly et al. 2005, Pp. 314). There is a substantial rise in the use of telephones and internet which are increasingly being integrated into the multi-channel service systems, and are substituted by the traditional means of communication such as face-to-face channel. Multi-channel retailing affords the customers to use additional service channels which entails a wider range of service outlets; increased convenience of shopping; time savings as well as reliability (Coughlan et al. 2001). Multi channel retailing offers several benefits to the firms in the form of service innovation; cost reduction; increased automation; customization of services; greater flexibility etc., among others (Bitner et al.2000). Maximising customer satisfaction is the key objective of multi channel retailing (Moriarty & Moran, 1990; Coelho & Eas ingwood, 2003) which is accomplished through an integration of various channel formats (Montoya-Weiss, Voss, & Grewal, 2003). Of all the channels of distribution, internet is ranked highly by both the sellers as well as the customers, as an appropriate and effective tool for enhancing the shopping experience of the customers. According to claims made, in recent research reports, there are various evidences which point to the fact that consumers with access to multiple retail channels, spend comparitively more than those with access to single channel of distribution. Furthermore, multiple channel retailers are known to have a wide base of loyal customers and repeat shoppers, as compared to those who offer a single channel of distribution (Berman, 2007). Such major shift in consumer preferences have acted as a major trigger for the retailers, compelling them to review their channel integration strategies, and take active steps in transforming the way they approach and target their cus tomer segments. Multi channel retailiers today, clearly have an edge over their single channel counterparts, both - in terms of competitive standing in the industry as well as higher customer satisfaction. Definition of Multichannel Retailing According to Levy & Weitz (2009) Multi channel retailing refers to an integrated set of activities which involves sale of products or services to the customers, via more than one channel of distribution. Berman and Evans (1998) classify retailing in accordance with store based and non-store based. Multi-channel retailing thus, refers to the integration of store based retailing with the non-store based channel. Multi-channel retailing in the Banking sector There has been a significant increase in the revenue growth in retail banks across the globe. This is because, of a tremendous shift in the number of channels used to reach their customers, leading to an enhanced customer experience; better market segmentation; ability to deliver an effective product mix; and a remarkable improvement in the service operations. The key channels of distr

Goffmans Dramaturgical Sociology Essay Example for Free

Goffmans Dramaturgical Sociology Essay The article by Brown elaborates on traditional symbolic interactionism. Goffman was mainly interested in social self in the society that constitutes of individual personality formation. His notion of self involves engaging in purposive forms of activities and impressions. According to Goffman’s dramaturgy, there are various schools of interactionist analysis. People try to manipulate themselves and the situations in which they interact. Goffman’s interests were more to the ritualized forms of social interaction. There are various wings of interactionism; we have the social psychological, social of construction and social ritual wing. The difference in these wings allows one to create bridges between elements of symbolic interactionism and other types of social theory (Brown, 290). The article states that in order to teach Goffman well, instructors should put emphasis on social rituals, symbols and sacred representations so as to produce emotional attachment that enhances solidarity in groups among students. Students will be encouraged to see the difference in strands of symbolic interactionism, conflict theory, classical and contemporary theory. This will result to students’ capabilities being increased and they will maintain themselves creative synthesis. Students should know that the facts of symbolic interactionist are just fictions. However, they carry conspicuous effects of social life. In macro-sociology, Goffman observes given situation as a reality that is on an equal footing with human preference (Brown, 294). This is unlike other traditional interactionists. Additionally, Goffman uses the concept of frames to show the incomparability of situations in everyday life. These frames include elements of symbolic meaning, social roles, norms and hierarchies of power that represents participants’ behaviors. Finally, Goffman puts into considerations disruptions, ambiguities, and reparations of social routine as part of everyday life. They are called breaking frames and they cause an embarrassment in life situations. Work cited Brown, David. Goffman’s Dramaturgical Sociology: Developing a Meaningful Theoretical Context and Exercise Involving ‘ Embarrassment and social organization’. American Sociological Association, 2003, pp. 288-299

Software Piracy :: essays research papers

Software Piracy Almost everyday it seems , software companys keep pumping out brand new software that kills the day befores in that it is more sophisticated and more in tune with the needs of todays superusers , office users , and home users . Yet , at the same time , the software theft industry in growing at an even faster rate , costing software companies billions of dollars a year . The piece of shit government can put as many copyright laws in a book as they feel , but soon it will be virtually impossible to stop .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although computer illiteracy may still lurk by the thousands , computer intelligance lurks by the millions and even billions . We are going to bypass any laws you throw at us .There is no stopping it . America has gotta wake up , no matter what kind of warning you put out , or whatever other restrictions you try to enforce , there will always be another way . No matter what kind of encryption there will always be someone out there , wether it be me or the next guy , whose intelligence is greater then those who make the software .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the federal government , that by the way has no real control over america since they can't even control themselves , software is protected from the moment of its creation . As soon as that software hits the store it is protected by the United States Federal Government . Yet , thousands of software titles have been put out there , and the government hasn't protected a fucking thing from happening . What a joke , how can we let such morons run this nation . The law in the USA states that a person may who buys the software may (I) copy it to a single computer and (II) make a copy for â€Å"archival purposes† . This also holds true in canada with the exception of the user only being able to make a backup copy instead of the USA law which is allowed for both archival and backup . In actuality , the government can not baby sit everyone who buys software . How are they gonna know when John Doe buys a copy of Duke Nukem 3D and wants to install on Jane Smith's computer so they can get some network games going on . Yea right , they have control .

A word on racism

Past week was United Nations day. The point of this holiday is to celebrate our heritage, to bring conformity, to create unity among a species which finds the very notion difficult. It is a holiday meant to put aside differences and to reach out to those next to you. To take their hands and with them lead forward into a place where those among us can be treated as equals. That was the reason for the hands. There were so many hands; each a different color, pasted all over the walls, the table, the pillar holding up the ceiling in the small lounge area. Each one bore a name. As I walked past, on my way to a class to which I was desperately late, I passed a table. At that table sat five or so students, each with a hand, each writing their name as well as their race upon it. â€Å"Come, make a hand!† the girl at the table cheerily ordered me as she passed me a limp cardboard cutout of an appendage. I shook my head. â€Å"No thanks.† At that I got an odd look. It was as if she were wondering, ‘why wouldn't someone want to make one of these?' She was puzzled, but persistent. She shoved the hand toward me again and I bristled. Not the best move, but involuntary. â€Å"I said I don't want to make one.† I turned my shoulder. I tried my best to convey with my body language, my eyes, my tone of voice, that I would not be swayed. She frowned. Scowled almost. â€Å"You must be some kind of racist. Whatever.† â€Å"Give me that.† I grabbed at the cardboard cutout almost fiercely. I sat at the table, pulled an assortment of markers toward me, and began writing. To hell with being late to class. I didn't care anymore. It took me but seconds to finish the hand and to give it back to the girl. She frowned at me once again. â€Å"This isn't what you're supposed–† â€Å"–I have a right to have it up there just like everyone else.† She shrugged. It seemed she sensed she had lost the argument. She took the hand and stapled it to a sheet of blue paper hanging on the wall. I found then, and only then, that I was disgusted by the whole principle. How is it, as a society, that the things that are supposed to make us the same turn out to make us different? It was that factor alone that disgusted me. Those hands were meant to bring us together, but instead they merely focused on our differences. Black. White. Hispanic. We are not color blind. We have an innate ability to separate. To label as good or bad the color of one's skin. On a holiday meant to represent unity, we were instead separating ourselves. That was the reason I made my hand different. The reason I ignored the boundaries and instead labeled the hand with something that the girl considered to be ‘racist'. The reason I chose to be equal. After all, how are we to be equal if we only focus on the things that make us unequal? It should not be the color of one's skin but the quality of that person that makes each unique. That hand said only one thing.

Abuse in Nursing Homes – Essay

Unit 3 IP Leigh Ratliff There are reports of abuse in nursing homes every year. There are many types of abuse reported as well. Even though there are many reports there are also many cases that are not reported. Elderly being abused puts them in an even more vulnerable position that what they were in. They now have to fear for their lives from the people who should be taking care of them. With reported cases and non-reported cases the abuser is rarely punished which makes the situation much worse. Elder abuse in nursing homes has grown at an alarming rate and not being reported and I firmly believe that the punishment should be increased for these abusers such as licenses being pulled and state stepping in more to investigate. There are many different types of abuse towards elders. Types of abuse are neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and many more. There are more than an estimated 2. 1 million reports of abuse each year as found in the studies of American Psychological Association, 2011. Elderly abuse is often times overlooked especially when there is bruising of the skin. The elderly are frail and the bruises are often mistaken for normal care on a frail individual which can happen. M. Lachs and K. Pillemer, also studied the same abuse issues and reported that many physicians were un-familiar with the mandatory reporting of abuse. In fact many physicians could not identify a case of elder abuse (1995-2006). Neglect is one of the most common reports of abuse in nursing homes. Neglect occurs when a caregiver fails to take care of a patient the way they should. In example, a caregiver does not change an elderly person every two hours. Instead the elder is only changed every 4 hours. This can cause bed sores. Bed sores break down the skin and when urine and feces enter the wound the patient can become ill and even die. Another type of abuse is physical abuse. Physical abuse occurs when a care giver hits a patient. Physical abuse towards the elderly can have grave consequences as well. The elder are very fragile and when hit can easily cause broken bones and even death. It is very hard for the elderly to recover because they are so fragile. Many physicians do not recognize the signs of abuse. The injuries are often mistaken for common issues with fragile elder patients. This means most cases of abuse are not reported and the abuser continues the acts. For cases that are reported the abuse usually is not punished in a meaningful way. Usually the abuser gets a slap on the wrist and in worst case scenario fired from the job just to go to another job and do the same thing. If the state would come in to the nursing homes more often or even a regular weekly basis to inspect. The state has a larger impact than expected and could put the situation under control. The abusers should have their certifications and licenses revoked and should not be able to continue their work. Doing this would leave the patients with care givers who actually care and want to do the job correctly. There are many, many reports every year on abuse in nursing homes. The reports to not even come close to the actual number of cases since not all are reported. Abuse in nursing homes is a very serious matter and should be treated as such. The elderly deserve respect and great care. They have lived a long life and should not have to end it in tragedy.

Prioritize

Prioritize Prioritize Prioritize By Maeve Maddox Some speakers hate to hear people use the word prioritize, complaining that â€Å"it’s a made-up word that shouldn’t be used.† Prioritize is a fairly new word, coined in the 1950s, and growing in popularity since the early 1960s. Speakers use it to mean: to give priority to to designate something as worthy of special attention to arrange items to be dealt with in order of importance to establish priorities to establish priorities for a set of tasks Here are some examples of its use online: KMT, CCP agree to prioritize service trade agreement How to Prioritize Your Debts Council Approves Two Projects That Prioritize Pedestrian and Bike Safety Four Must Know To-Do Lists To Prioritize Tasks Strengthening parliaments in nascent democracies: the need to prioritize legislative reforms As late as 1982, twenty years after prioritize entered the language, the OED acknowledged its existence, but included an apologetic note, saying, â€Å"prioritize is a word that at present sits uneasily in the language.† Thirty-two years later, the OED site employs the word prioritizing unapologetically in a discussion of the term â€Å"network neutrality†: This concept [network neutrality] has been the subject of much debate in recent years, reflecting something axiomatic for many Internet users; that all data on the net should be treated equally by Internet service providers, without favouring particular formats, products, or web sites by charging extra fees, prioritizing or blocking data of certain types, and so on. Speakers who still want to hold the line against prioritize could replace it with the phrase â€Å"to set priorities†: KMT, CCP agree to set service trade agreement priorities Council Approves Two Projects that set Priorities for Pedestrian and Bike Safety How to set priorities for your debts People who don’t like prioritize shouldn’t use it, but trying to stop other people from using it is futile. I’ll be happy to recommend a much more worthy target of opprobrium. How about the use of gift as a verb when we already have the perfectly serviceable word give: Lands gifted by donors are the foundation of SSU Preserves programs. The Greeks have gifted the world with many things. Teradata in the fall of 2010 gifted the Walton College of Business with a new Teradata 2650 system.   Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comma After i.e. and e.g.Empathy "With" or Empathy "For"?Empathic or Empathetic?

Impact Of Cell Phones Usage English Language Essay Essays

Impact Of Cell Phones Usage English Language Essay Essays Impact Of Cell Phones Usage English Language Essay Essay Impact Of Cell Phones Usage English Language Essay Essay Cell phones adopted by immature coevals in recent twelvemonth, have become planetary phenomena around the universe. Therefore, with the outgrowth of this engineering about everyone has tried to follow these cell phones. We found in this research that cell phone use had a negative impact on pupils GPA. Students utilizing their cell phone during category, they besides having and directing text messages during their category so they were able to pay less attending to talk and therefore it had negative impact on pupils public presentation. Cardinal footings: Cell phones use, Academic public presentation, GPA Introduction Commercialization of cellular phone engineering has increased its usage in recent old ages. In Pakistan sum endorsers for cell phones till 12 September 2012 have reached to 120,513,430 ( Pakistan Telecommunication Authority ) . The acceptance of cell phones by immature coevals has been a planetary phenomenon in recent old ages. It has become an built-in portion of stripling s day-to-day life and has become one of the most popular signifiers of communicating. In today s universe about every pupil is holding cell phone in their pocket, clipped to a belt, or hidden in a brief instance or bag and knows perfect use of it. As engineering is turning every twenty-four hours at really fast rate, and is conveying positive and negative effects for society and so is with cell phone engineering that has brought both positive and negative effects. It is normally observed that these cell phones have besides become position symbol for young person and they have indulged themselves in the competition of holding best and most updated cell phone with maximal characteristics. Today s young person prefer cell phones more every bit compared to internet or any other societal activity. Young people ain cell phone and besides want to upgrade it every bit shortly as new theoretical account is launched in the market. Cell phones are that much involved in our life that the individual who own cell phone is tend to be thought socially connected, independent, modern and in demand by the society. One of the most used applications of cell phones by our immature coevals is text messaging and these cellular web companies have besides played a critical function in negatively impacting our immature coevals by presenting a figure of bundles for text messaging and calls besides. Students of today are maestro in fastest text messaging and are seen text messaging piece at place, at university, going, in schoolroom and specially while analyzing. Communication with fellow pupils, professors, parents, and everyone else is merely a click off. Most of the pupils use it for chew the fating with friends. This research paper explores the impact of cell phones` use on pupils academic public presentation. We examined the consequence of nomadic use on the classs among university pupils. Literature Review Cell phones and academic public presentation: The innovation of cell phone has brought radical alteration in the universe. And therefore bought alteration in the life style of people utilizing it including pupils. In 2005, the figure of cell phone endorsers worldwide will make 2 billion ( Deloitte Research, 2005 ) . And in Pakistan entire fixed phone endorser by December 2011 reached to merely 3,098,117, less than nomadic phone endorser that were 120,151,253 boulder clay December 2011 ( Pakistan Telecommunication Authority ) . Surveies have systematically shown that cell phone is used and loved more than telecasting or cyberspace by pupils, whether they are utilizing cyberspace or watching telecasting they are holding cell phone in their custodies. Through common observation we besides evaluated that pupils need to return to their place if they forget to take it with them. Therefore with the outgrowth of this engineering about everyone has tried to follow these cell phones and are addicted to its use that they think their work d one become hard without its services and they are unable to remain connected with their friends and household. The chief issue for instructors is the perturbation created in category room due to cell phone calls and texting. Uniting this with the easiness of concealing the device due to its little size, makes it really hard for instructors to command it. Students are excited to happen out that who has called and what the message is, immature people are loath to turn off their cell phone during category clip. Normally pupils kept their devices on during talks with themselves and besides sometimes bury to turn profile silent during category and its tintinnabulation create perturbation in category. Campbell ( 2006 ) found that pupils and module view the tintinnabulation of cell phone in category to be a serious job. It is clear that if pupils spend clip texting, they will non be able to pay attending to category talk, will non be able to understand the subject and will non be able to bring forth good consequence in category, this will hold impact on their class points. Through common observation it is observed that today pupils are busy with this engineering, spends 90 % of their clip with cell phones and do nt pay attending to their surveies. And if they pretend to their parents that they are analyzing in their room, they are really dodging their parents, it is such a little device that they can easy conceal them and lie with their parents. Students are seeking to do as many friends whether miss or male child as they can, maintaining themselves busy all twenty-four hours and dark, as these web companies for their ain net income have introduced a tonss of inexpensive bundles fo r call and messaging. All these activities in which pupils have engaged themselves in today s universe are pulverizing their present and future. After explicating negative facet there are some positive impact besides, it helps pupils to remain connected with their group members when assigned some group work from their instructor and can besides reach their instructors in clip of holding any trouble sing their assignments. In school it besides helps teacher to state their parents about any serious job happened to the pupils and besides helps teacher to text their parent if they are absent from school. Students are supposed to utilize nomadic phones whole dark texting their friends. It is interesting to observe that there are few common household regulations about immature people s usage of the cell phone. In fact, many striplings ( 58 % ) reported that there were no regulations set by their parents about their cell phone usage and merely 12 % reported that their parents used remotion of their cell phones from them as penalty ( Metthews, 2004 ) . Probably because of the kiping issue it has been found that parents have to take cell phone from their kids at dark while traveling to kip. Some reported that parents had to inquire their kids to halt utilizing phone at dark as so pupils are unable to wake up early in the forenoon for their university, school or college or they feel sleepy during category and make non pay proper attending. Along with academic public presentation cell phones have besides positively and negatively affected societal relationships. With the outgrowth of nomadic phones persons are able to remain connected with their friends, household and relatives populating abroad. In add-on to maintaining up with societal relationships, persons have besides been able to increase productiveness with their work because they can be 100s of stat mis off from the office, and still have instant entree to their e-mail, paperss and contacts wherever they are ( Tully, 2003 ) . A tendency that is going more evident is present absences ; this is the construct of how an person s presence in a societal scene alterations irrespective of their physical presence, they are merely half-present ( Fortunati 2008 ) . Persons go toing any meeting with their friends, coworkers, foreman or any type of societal activity, they leave that topographic point during conversation every bit shortly as their cell phone rings or vibrate. Even when sitting with their parents they do non waver to travel in front and reply the call without believing that this could ache them. Through observation, research workers have found that persons typically will non waver to disrupt an on-going conversation to reply the tintinnabulation of their cell phone. Cell phones have given a new manner to persons to organize new relationships and to beef up bing 1s. Teenss admitted passing about an equal sum of clip speaking as they do texting each month. The characteristic is so of import to them that if texting was no longer an option, 47 per centum of teens say their societal life would stop or be worsened particularly among females ( 54 per centum compared to 40 per centum of males ) ( CTIA Survey 2008 ) . Before the outgrowth of nomadic engineering, persons have regular interaction with one another. As they have really small telephonic contact with one another so they are used to see each other places on a regular basis. Even if any one of the household member is in infirmary, their loved 1s even if out of metropolis make a visit immediately or the following twenty-four hours but now with the outgrowth of cell phones people are supposed to merely inquire about their wellness on phone call with their cell phones. Cell phones besides create a factor of safety among parents. Parents feel satisfied if their kids are holding cell phone with them while traveling outside as they can reach them whenever they want. Even in the clip of exigency they can name them. Not merely parents can reach their kids in the clip of trouble but kids can besides reach them in exigencies. But kids besides sometime misapply this device by stating prevarication to their parents and making whatever they want to make outdoors, as their parents are satisfied with their prevarication. On the other side this device along with disadvantages has helped kids and parents both to remain in contact when outside their place. As everything in this universe have advantages and disadvantages both and it is upon us how we utilize it. Hypothesis Cell phones` use will hold a negative consequence on students` academic public presentation. Model Cell phone use Academic public presentation Methodology The information was collected by administering questionnaire to pupils of different universities in Pakistan with the ages runing between 18 and 30. A sample size of 150 pupils was taken in which 65 respondents were male and 85 respondents were female. The study consisted of 24 inquiries, including cell phone impacts on pupils academic public presentation and societal relationship. Multiple pick inquiries were asked. The dependability of the instrument was calculated by utilizing SPSS. The instrument was personally administered to the sample. Demographic information ( e.g. , age, gender, university, grade, GPA ) was besides collected. Consequences After successfully roll uping the informations through distributing questionnaires in different universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, we have inserted that informations in SPSS package informations sheet and run desired maps necessary to cognize that what impact does independent variable ( cell phone use ) have on dependant variable ( pupils academic public presentation ) . We have evaluated pupils academic public presentation by sing their Grade point average. From the correlativity consequences as shown in TABLE 1, we have find that cell phone use is holding negative impact on pupils GPA i.e. ( r= -0.303, P lt ; 0.01 ) . We besides come to cognize that age and GPA is besides negatively related with each other i.e. ( r= -0.154, P lt ; 0.01 ) . The Cronbach s Alpha dependability for this graduated table is 0.688. For ciphering Cronbach s Alpha we have besides reversed the graduated table of inquiry 2, 3 and 6. Table 1 Correlation Consequences M S.D 1 2 3 4 Age 21.487 1.8672 1 Gender 1.58 0.49521 -0.184* Cell phone use 3.267 0.4512 0.045 -0.149 1 GPA 1.9911 0.57583 -0.154 0.246** -0.303** 1 ** . Correlation is important at the 0.01 degree ( 2-tailed ) . * . Correlation is important at the 0.05 degree ( 2-tailed ) . Table 2 Arrested development Consequences Predictor Academic public presentation ( GPA ) I? I† Sig. Measure 1 Age -0.27 0.164 Gender 0.205 0.006 Measure 2 Age -0.26 0.167 Gender 0.169 0.020 Cell phone use -0.212 0.072 0.001 The tabular array 2 shows the arrested development consequence of dependant and independent variable. In measure 1 control variables i.e. age, gender is shown and in measure 2 independent variable i.e. cell phone use is shown. In horizontal line we have dependent variable i.e. academic public presentation measured utilizing pupils GPA. The fluctuation in pupils academic public presentation ( GPA ) due to cell phone use is 7.2 % . The impact of cell phones use on pupil academic public presentation is negative i.e. ( I? = -0.212 ) . This implies that the pupil whose use of cell phone is more is holding low GPA i.e. demoing hapless academic public presentation. Discussion In this research paper we have evaluated that what impact pupils cell phone use has on their academic public presentation by sing their GPA. Students age and gender is besides taken into history while running analysis utilizing SPSS. Cell phone use is taken as independent variable and pupils academic public presentation is taken as dependent variable. Questionnaires are given to be filled by pupils of different universities in Rawalpindi and Islamabad between the age of 18 and 30. The information collected is analyzed by utilizing SPSS package and evaluated the impact of cell phones use on pupils academic public presentation. The consequence shows that cell phones use is negatively impacting pupils academic public presentation. This means that the pupils who are utilizing cell phone more are holding low GPA. On inquiring inquiries on how much clip they spend on utilizing their cell phone and in how many categories they use cell phone, we have found that there is negative relationship of these two inquiries with pupils GPA. That is the pupils who are utilizing cell phone about 7-10 hours and those besides who use cell phone during their most of the categories are holding low GPA. On inquiring random inquiries we have found that one of the most used characteristic of cell phone is text messaging used by 67 % pupils ( female 37 % and male 30 % ) . Almost 81 % pupils ( female 46 % , male 35 % ) are utilizing standard text messages as compared to multimedia messages or other. 43 % pupils ( 31 % female and 13 % male ) say that they put their nomadic phone on soundless manner while go toing category. 35 % pupi ls ( 20 % female and 15 % male ) say that they on occasion receive or send text messages while the category was in session. 55 % pupils ( 35 % female and 20 % male ) agree on policy that Mobile should be kept by pupils but they should put it in quiver manner. 61 % pupils ( 40 % female, 21 % male ) say that they do non utilize dark bundles on their cell phone. 42 % pupils ( 23 % female, 19 % male ) say that they use twenty-four hours bundles on their cell phone. 67 % pupils ( 39 % female, 27 % male ) say that they spent 10 % of their pocket money on cell phones. 56 % pupils ( 32 % female, 24 % male ) say that they sometimes use their cell phone while making their assignments. As consequences show that those pupils who spend most of their clip on cell phone are accomplishing low GPA, which is in conformity with the literature and common observation. Students are utilizing their cell phone during category, they are besides having and directing text messages during their category so they will be able to pay less attending to talk and therefore it will hold negative impact on pupils public presentation. Some pupils are besides utilizing dark bundles on their cell phone which will do them unable to be attentive in their forenoon category or may be unable to go to the first category. It is better to trip missed call qui vive on their cell phone and put it off during category and when they will on it they will have message of all the calls they missed when the cell phone was away. In last reasoning all cell phone use is significantly impacting our young person who are misapplying this engineering, and therefore demoing hapless academic public presentation and p ulverizing their calling chances.